[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"summary-65fb41a982b3e8a3-why-firstorcreate-fails-under-high-concurrency-summary":3,"summaries-facets-categories":140,"summary-related-65fb41a982b3e8a3-why-firstorcreate-fails-under-high-concurrency-summary":7044},{"id":4,"title":5,"ai":6,"body":13,"categories":109,"created_at":111,"date_modified":111,"description":104,"extension":112,"faq":111,"featured":113,"kicker_label":111,"meta":114,"navigation":121,"path":122,"published_at":123,"question":111,"scraped_at":124,"seo":125,"sitemap":126,"source_id":127,"source_name":128,"source_type":129,"source_url":130,"stem":131,"tags":132,"thumbnail_url":111,"tldr":137,"tweet":111,"unknown_tags":138,"__hash__":139},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F65fb41a982b3e8a3-why-firstorcreate-fails-under-high-concurrency-summary.md","Why firstOrCreate Fails Under High Concurrency",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":9,"output_tokens":10,"processing_time_ms":11,"cost_usd":12},"openrouter","google\u002Fgemini-3.1-flash-lite",3990,503,3305,0.001752,{"type":14,"value":15,"toc":103},"minimark",[16,21,38,47,51,54],[17,18,20],"h2",{"id":19},"the-non-atomic-nature-of-find-then-create","The Non-Atomic Nature of 'Find-Then-Create'",[22,23,24,25,29,30,33,34,37],"p",{},"The ",[26,27,28],"code",{},"firstOrCreate"," method in frameworks like Laravel is often misunderstood as an atomic operation. In reality, it performs two distinct database queries: a ",[26,31,32],{},"SELECT"," to check for an existing record, followed by an ",[26,35,36],{},"INSERT"," if the result is null.",[22,39,40,41,43,44,46],{},"Under low traffic, this sequence is safe. However, during traffic spikes, multiple PHP-FPM workers can execute the ",[26,42,32],{}," query simultaneously. If both workers find that no record exists, they both proceed to the ",[26,45,36],{}," step. This creates a race condition where the database ends up with duplicate records for the same unique identifier (e.g., an email address), despite the developer's intent to ensure uniqueness.",[17,48,50],{"id":49},"solving-race-conditions-with-database-constraints","Solving Race Conditions with Database Constraints",[22,52,53],{},"To prevent duplicates, you cannot rely solely on application-level logic. The fix must happen at the database layer:",[55,56,57,77,90],"ol",{},[58,59,60,64,65,68,69,72,73,76],"li",{},[61,62,63],"strong",{},"Unique Indexes:"," Always define a ",[26,66,67],{},"UNIQUE"," constraint on the columns intended to be unique (e.g., ",[26,70,71],{},"email","). This acts as the final source of truth. If two requests attempt to insert the same email, the database will reject the second one, throwing a ",[26,74,75],{},"QueryException"," that the application can catch.",[58,78,79,82,83,86,87,89],{},[61,80,81],{},"Database Transactions:"," While transactions help with data integrity, they do not inherently prevent race conditions unless combined with appropriate locking mechanisms (like ",[26,84,85],{},"SELECT FOR UPDATE","). However, for simple unique constraints, a ",[26,88,67],{}," index is more performant and reliable than complex locking.",[58,91,92,95,96,98,99,102],{},[61,93,94],{},"Handling Exceptions:"," Instead of assuming ",[26,97,28],{}," will always succeed, wrap the creation logic in a ",[26,100,101],{},"try-catch"," block. When the database throws a unique constraint violation, the application should catch the exception and handle it gracefully—either by retrying the operation or returning a user-friendly error message.",{"title":104,"searchDepth":105,"depth":105,"links":106},"",2,[107,108],{"id":19,"depth":105,"text":20},{"id":49,"depth":105,"text":50},[110],"Software Engineering",null,"md",false,{"content_references":115,"triage":116},[],{"relevance":117,"novelty":117,"quality":118,"actionability":118,"composite":119,"reasoning":120},3,4,3.45,"Category: Software Engineering. The article discusses the non-atomic nature of the `firstOrCreate` method in Laravel, which is relevant to software engineering practices. It provides actionable solutions like implementing unique indexes and handling exceptions, which can help developers avoid race conditions in their applications.",true,"\u002Fsummaries\u002F65fb41a982b3e8a3-why-firstorcreate-fails-under-high-concurrency-summary","2026-06-29 19:47:03","2026-06-30 12:57:06",{"title":5,"description":104},{"loc":122},"65fb41a982b3e8a3","Level Up Coding","article","https:\u002F\u002Flevelup.gitconnected.com\u002Fwhy-firstorcreate-still-creates-duplicates-under-load-c8ae97681ae0?source=rss----5517fd7b58a6---4","summaries\u002F65fb41a982b3e8a3-why-firstorcreate-fails-under-high-concurrency-summary",[133,134,135,136],"backend","laravel","database","concurrency","The firstOrCreate method is not atomic; under load, concurrent requests can simultaneously verify a record's absence and both trigger a creation, resulting in duplicate data.",[134,135,136],"UKFBr6X6WtrZvyXbg5emePzjFYwnYtLkZOrT3-Exgrk",[141,144,147,149,152,154,157,160,162,164,166,168,170,172,174,176,178,181,183,185,187,189,192,195,197,199,201,203,205,207,209,211,213,215,217,219,221,223,225,227,229,231,233,235,237,239,241,244,246,248,250,252,254,256,258,260,262,264,266,268,270,273,275,277,279,281,283,285,287,289,291,293,295,297,299,301,303,305,307,309,311,314,316,318,320,322,324,326,328,330,332,334,336,338,340,343,345,347,349,351,353,355,357,359,361,363,365,367,369,371,373,375,377,379,381,383,385,387,389,391,393,395,397,399,401,403,405,408,410,412,414,416,418,420,422,424,426,428,431,433,435,437,439,441,443,445,447,449,451,453,455,457,459,461,464,466,468,470,472,474,476,478,480,482,484,487,489,491,493,495,497,499,501,503,505,507,509,511,513,515,517,519,521,523,525,527,529,531,533,535,537,539,541,543,546,548,550,553,555,557,559,561,563,565,567,569,571,573,575,577,579,581,583,585,587,589,592,594,596,598,600,602,604,606,608,610,612,614,617,619,621,623,625,627,629,631,633,635,637,639,641,643,645,647,649,651,653,655,657,659,661,663,665,667,669,671,673,675,677,679,681,683,685,687,689,691,693,695,697,699,701,703,705,707,709,711,713,715,717,719,721,723,725,727,729,731,733,735,737,739,741,743,745,747,749,751,753,755,757,759,761,763,765,767,769,771,773,775,777,779,781,783,785,787,789,791,793,795,797,799,801,803,805,807,809,811,813,815,817,819,821,823,825,827,829,831,833,835,837,839,841,843,845,847,849,851,853,855,857,859,861,863,865,867,869,871,873,875,877,879,881,883,885,887,889,891,893,895,897,899,901,904,906,908,910,912,915,917,919,921,923,925,927,929,931,933,935,937,939,942,944,946,948,950,952,954,956,958,960,962,964,966,968,970,972,974,976,978,980,982,984,986,988,990,992,994,996,998,1000,1002,1004,1006,1008,1010,1012,1014,1016,1018,1020,1022,1024,1026,1028,1030,1032,1034,1036,1038,1040,1042,1044,1046,1048,1050,1052,1054,1056,1058,1060,1062,1064,1066,1068,1070,1072,1074,1076,1078,1080,1082,1084,1086,1088,1090,1092,1094,1096,1098,1100,1102,1104,1106,1108,1110,1112,1114,1116,1118,1120,1122,1124,1126,1128,1130,1132,1134,1136,1138,1140,1142,1144,1146,1148,1150,1152,1154,1156,1158,1160,1162,1164,1166,1168,1170,1172,1174,1176,1178,1180,1182,1184,1186,1188,1190,1192,1194,1196,1198,1200,1202,1204,1206,1208,1210,1212,1214,1216,1218,1220,1222,1224,1226,1228,1230,1232,1234,1236,1238,1240,1242,1244,1246,1248,1250,1252,1254,1256,1258,1260,1262,1264,1267,1269,1271,1273,1275,1277,1279,1281,1283,1285,1287,1289,1291,1293,1295,1297,1299,1301,1303,1305,1307,1309,1311,1313,1315,1317,1319,1321,1323,1325,1327,1329,1331,1333,1335,1337,1339,1341,1343,1345,1347,1349,1351,1353,1355,1357,1359,1361,1363,1365,1367,1369,1371,1373,1375,1377,1379,1381,1383,1385,1387,1389,1391,1393,1395,1397,1399,1401,1403,1405,1407,1409,1411,1413,1415,1417,1419,1421,1423,1425,1427,1429,1431,1433,1435,1437,1439,1441,1443,1445,1447,1449,1451,1453,1455,1457,1459,1461,1463,1465,1468,1470,1472,1474,1476,1478,1480,1482,1484,1486,1488,1490,1492,1494,1496,1498,1500,1502,1504,1506,1508,1510,1512,1514,1516,1518,1520,1522,1524,1526,1528,1530,1532,1534,1536,1538,1540,1542,1544,1546,1548,1550,1552,1554,1556,1558,1560,1562,1564,1566,1568,1570,1572,1574,1576,1578,1580,1582,1584,1586,1588,1590,1592,1594,1596,1598,1600,1602,1604,1607,1609,1611,1613,1615,1617,1619,1621,1623,1625,1627,1629,1631,1633,1635,1637,1639,1641,1643,1645,1647,1649,1651,1653,1655,1657,1659,1661,1663,1665,1667,1669,1671,1673,1675,1677,1679,1681,1683,1685,1687,1689,1691,1693,1695,1697,1699,1701,1703,1705,1707,1709,1711,1713,1715,1717,1719,1721,1723,1725,1727,1729,1731,1733,1735,1737,1739,1741,1743,1745,1747,1749,1751,1753,1755,1757,1759,1761,1763,1766,1768,1770,1772,1774,1776,1778,1780,1782,1784,1786,1788,1790,1792,1794,1796,1798,1800,1802,1804,1806,1808,1810,1812,1814,1816,1818,1820,1822,1824,1826,1829,1831,1833,1835,1837,1839,1841,1843,1845,1847,1849,1851,1853,1855,1857,1859,1861,1863,1865,1867,1869,1871,1873,1875,1877,1879,1881,1883,1885,1887,1889,1891,1893,1895,1897,1899,1901,1903,1905,1907,1909,1911,1913,1915,1917,1919,1921,1923,1925,1927,1929,1931,1933,1935,1937,1939,1941,1943,1945,1947,1949,1951,1953,1955,1957,1959,1961,1963,1965,1967,1969,1971,1973,1975,1977,1979,1981,1983,1985,1987,1989,1991,1993,1995,1997,1999,2001,2003,2005,2007,2009,2011,2013,2015,2017,2019,2021,2023,2025,2027,2029,2031,2033,2035,2037,2039,2041,2043,2045,2047,2049,2051,2053,2055,2057,2059,2061,2063,2065,2067,2069,2071,2073,2075,2077,2079,2081,2083,2085,2087,2089,2091,2093,2095,2097,2099,2101,2103,2105,2107,2109,2111,2113,2115,2117,2119,2121,2123,2125,2127,2129,2131,2133,2135,2137,2139,2141,2143,2145,2147,2149,2151,2153,2155,2157,2159,2161,2163,2165,2167,2169,2171,2173,2175,2177,2179,2181,2183,2185,2187,2189,2191,2193,2195,2197,2199,2201,2203,2205,2207,2209,2211,2213,2215,2217,2219,2221,2223,2225,2227,2229,2231,2233,2235,2237,2239,2241,2243,2245,2247,2249,2251,2253,2255,2257,2259,2261,2263,2265,2267,2270,2272,2274,2276,2278,2280,2282,2284,2286,2288,2290,2292,2294,2296,2298,2300,2302,2304,2306,2308,2310,2312,2314,2316,2318,2320,2322,2324,2326,2328,2330,2332,2334,2336,2338,2340,2342,2344,2346,2348,2350,2352,2354,2356,2358,2360,2363,2365,2367,2369,2371,2373,2375,2377,2379,2381,2383,2385,2387,2389,2391,2393,2395,2397,2399,2401,2403,2405,2407,2409,2411,2413,2415,2417,2419,2421,2423,2425,2427,2429,2431,2433,2435,2437,2439,2441,2443,2445,2447,2449,2451,2453,2455,2457,2459,2461,2463,2465,2467,2469,2471,2473,2475,2477,2479,2482,2484,2486,2488,2490,2492,2494,2496,2498,2500,2502,2504,2506,2508,2510,2512,2514,2516,2518,2520,2522,2525,2527,2529,2531,2533,2535,2537,2539,2541,2543,2545,2547,2549,2551,2553,2555,2557,2559,2561,2563,2565,2567,2569,2571,2573,2575,2577,2579,2581,2583,2585,2587,2589,2591,2593,2595,2597,2599,2601,2603,2605,2607,2609,2611,2613,2615,2617,2619,2621,2623,2625,2627,2629,2631,2633,2635,2637,2639,2641,2643,2645,2647,2649,2651,2653,2655,2657,2659,2661,2663,2665,2667,2669,2671,2673,2675,2677,2679,2681,2683,2685,2687,2689,2691,2693,2695,2697,2699,2701,2703,2705,2707,2709,2711,2713,2715,2717,2719,2721,2723,2725,2727,2729,2731,2733,2735,2737,2739,2741,2743,2745,2747,2749,2751,2753,2755,2757,2759,2761,2763,2765,2767,2769,2771,2773,2775,2777,2779,2781,2783,2785,2787,2789,2791,2793,2795,2797,2799,2801,2803,2805,2807,2809,2811,2813,2815,2817,2819,2821,2823,2825,2827,2829,2831,2833,2835,2837,2839,2841,2843,2845,2847,2849,2851,2853,2855,2857,2859,2861,2863,2865,2867,2869,2871,2873,2875,2877,2879,2881,2883,2885,2887,2889,2891,2893,2895,2897,2899,2901,2903,2905,2907,2909,2911,2913,2915,2917,2919,2921,2923,2925,2927,2929,2931,2933,2935,2937,2939,2941,2943,2945,2947,2949,2951,2953,2955,2957,2959,2961,2963,2965,2967,2969,2971,2973,2975,2977,2979,2981,2983,2985,2987,2989,2991,2993,2995,2997,2999,3001,3003,3005,3007,3009,3011,3013,3015,3017,3019,3021,3023,3025,3027,3029,3031,3033,3035,3037,3039,3041,3043,3045,3047,3049,3051,3053,3055,3057,3059,3061,3063,3065,3067,3069,3071,3073,3075,3077,3079,3081,3083,3085,3087,3089,3091,3093,3095,3097,3099,3101,3103,3105,3107,3109,3111,3113,3115,3117,3119,3121,3123,3125,3127,3129,3131,3133,3135,3137,3139,3141,3143,3145,3147,3149,3151,3153,3155,3157,3159,3161,3163,3166,3168,3170,3172,3174,3176,3178,3180,3182,3184,3186,3188,3190,3192,3194,3196,3198,3200,3202,3204,3206,3208,3210,3212,3214,3216,3218,3220,3222,3224,3226,3228,3230,3232,3234,3236,3238,3240,3242,3244,3246,3248,3250,3252,3254,3256,3258,3260,3262,3264,3266,3268,3270,3272,3274,3276,3278,3280,3282,3284,3286,3288,3290,3293,3295,3297,3299,3301,3303,3305,3307,3309,3311,3313,3315,3317,3319,3321,3323,3325,3327,3329,3331,3333,3335,3337,3339,3341,3343,3345,3347,3349,3351,3353,3355,3357,3359,3361,3363,3365,3367,3369,3371,3373,3375,3377,3379,3381,3383,3385,3387,3389,3391,3393,3395,3397,3399,3401,3403,3405,3407,3409,3411,3413,3415,3417,3419,3421,3423,3425,3427,3429,3431,3433,3435,3437,3439,3441,3443,3445,3447,3449,3451,3453,3455,3457,3459,3461,3463,3465,3467,3469,3471,3473,3475,3477,3479,3481,3483,3485,3487,3489,3491,3493,3495,3497,3499,3501,3503,3505,3507,3509,3511,3513,3515,3517,3519,3521,3523,3525,3527,3529,3531,3533,3535,3537,3539,3541,3543,3545,3547,3549,3551,3553,3555,3557,3559,3561,3563,3565,3567,3569,3571,3573,3575,3577,3579,3581,3583,3585,3587,3589,3591,3593,3595,3597,3599,3601,3603,3605,3607,3609,3611,3613,3615,3617,3619,3621,3623,3625,3627,3629,3631,3633,3635,3637,3639,3641,3643,3645,3647,3649,3651,3653,3655,3657,3659,3661,3663,3665,3667,3669,3671,3673,3675,3677,3679,3681,3683,3685,3687,3689,3691,3693,3695,3697,3699,3701,3703,3705,3707,3709,3711,3713,3715,3717,3719,3721,3723,3725,3727,3729,3731,3733,3735,3737,3739,3741,3743,3745,3747,3749,3751,3753,3755,3757,3759,3761,3763,3765,3767,3769,3771,3773,3775,3777,3779,3781,3783,3785,3787,3789,3791,3793,3795,3797,3799,3801,3803,3805,3807,3809,3811,3813,3815,3817,3819,3821,3823,3825,3827,3829,3831,3833,3835,3837,3839,3841,3843,3845,3847,3849,3851,3853,3855,3857,3859,3861,3863,3865,3867,3869,3871,3873,3875,3877,3879,3881,3883,3885,3887,3889,3891,3893,3895,3897,3899,3901,3903,3905,3907,3909,3911,3913,3915,3917,3919,3921,3923,3925,3927,3929,3931,3933,3935,3937,3939,3941,3943,3945,3947,3949,3951,3953,3955,3957,3959,3961,3963,3965,3967,3969,3971,3973,3975,3977,3979,3981,3983,3985,3987,3989,3991,3993,3995,3997,3999,4001,4003,4005,4007,4009,4011,4013,4015,4017,4019,4021,4023,4025,4027,4029,4031,4033,4035,4037,4039,4041,4043,4045,4047,4049,4051,4053,4055,4057,4059,4061,4063,4065,4067,4069,4071,4073,4075,4077,4079,4081,4083,4085,4087,4089,4091,4093,4095,4097,4099,4101,4103,4105,4107,4109,4111,4113,4115,4117,4119,4121,4123,4125,4127,4129,4131,4133,4135,4137,4139,4141,4143,4145,4147,4149,4151,4153,4155,4157,4159,4161,4163,4165,4167,4169,4171,4173,4175,4177,4179,4181,4183,4185,4187,4189,4191,4193,4195,4197,4199,4201,4203,4205,4207,4209,4211,4213,4215,4217,4219,4221,4223,4225,4227,4229,4231,4233,4235,4237,4239,4241,4243,4245,4247,4249,4251,4253,4255,4257,4259,4261,4263,4265,4267,4269,4271,4273,4275,4277,4279,4281,4283,4285,4287,4289,4291,4293,4295,4297,4299,4301,4303,4305,4307,4309,4311,4313,4315,4317,4319,4321,4323,4325,4327,4329,4331,4333,4335,4337,4339,4341,4343,4345,4347,4349,4351,4353,4355,4357,4359,4361,4363,4365,4367,4369,4371,4373,4375,4377,4379,4381,4383,4385,4387,4389,4391,4393,4395,4397,4399,4401,4403,4405,4407,4409,4411,4413,4415,4417,4419,4421,4423,4425,4427,4429,4431,4433,4435,4437,4439,4441,4443,4445,4447,4449,4451,4453,4455,4457,4459,4461,4463,4465,4467,4469,4471,4473,4475,4477,4479,4481,4483,4485,4487,4489,4491,4493,4495,4497,4499,4501,4503,4505,4507,4509,4511,4513,4515,4517,4519,4521,4523,4525,4527,4529,4531,4533,4535,4537,4539,4541,4543,4545,4547,4549,4551,4553,4555,4557,4559,4561,4563,4565,4567,4569,4571,4573,4575,4578,4580,4582,4584,4586,4588,4590,4592,4594,4596,4598,4600,4602,4604,4606,4608,4610,4612,4614,4616,4618,4620,4622,4624,4626,4628,4630,4632,4634,4636,4638,4640,4642,4644,4646,4648,4650,4652,4654,4656,4658,4660,4662,4664,4666,4668,4670,4672,4674,4676,4678,4680,4682,4684,4686,4688,4690,4692,4694,4696,4698,4700,4702,4704,4706,4708,4710,4712,4714,4716,4718,4720,4722,4724,4726,4728,4730,4732,4734,4736,4738,4740,4742,4744,4746,4748,4750,4752,4754,4756,4758,4760,4762,4764,4766,4768,4770,4772,4774,4776,4778,4780,4782,4784,4786,4788,4790,4792,4794,4796,4798,4800,4802,4804,4806,4808,4810,4812,4814,4816,4818,4820,4822,4824,4826,4828,4830,4832,4834,4836,4838,4840,4842,4844,4846,4848,4850,4852,4854,4856,4858,4860,4862,4864,4866,4868,4870,4872,4874,4876,4878,4880,4882,4884,4886,4888,4890,4892,4894,4896,4898,4900,4902,4904,4906,4908,4910,4912,4914,4916,4918,4920,4922,4924,4926,4928,4930,4932,4934,4936,4938,4940,4942,4944,4946,4948,4950,4952,4954,4956,4958,4960,4962,4964,4966,4968,4970,4972,4974,4976,4978,4980,4982,4984,4986,4988,4990,4992,4994,4996,4998,5000,5002,5004,5006,5008,5010,5012,5014,5016,5018,5020,5022,5024,5026,5028,5030,5032,5034,5036,5038,5040,5042,5044,5046,5048,5050,5052,5054,5056,5058,5060,5062,5064,5066,5068,5070,5072,5074,5076,5078,5080,5082,5084,5086,5088,5090,5092,5094,5096,5098,5100,5102,5104,5106,5108,5110,5112,5114,5116,5118,5120,5122,5124,5126,5128,5130,5132,5134,5136,5138,5140,5142,5144,5146,5148,5150,5152,5154,5156,5158,5160,5162,5164,5166,5168,5170,5172,5174,5176,5178,5180,5182,5184,5186,5188,5190,5192,5194,5196,5198,5200,5202,5204,5206,5208,5210,5212,5214,5216,5218,5220,5222,5224,5226,5228,5230,5232,5234,5236,5238,5240,5242,5244,5246,5248,5250,5252,5254,5256,5258,5260,5262,5264,5266,5268,5270,5272,5274,5276,5278,5280,5282,5284,5286,5288,5290,5292,5294,5296,5298,5300,5302,5304,5306,5308,5310,5312,5314,5316,5318,5320,5322,5324,5326,5328,5330,5332,5334,5336,5338,5340,5342,5344,5346,5348,5350,5352,5354,5356,5358,5360,5362,5364,5366,5368,5370,5372,5374,5376,5378,5380,5382,5384,5386,5388,5390,5392,5394,5396,5398,5400,5402,5404,5406,5408,5410,5412,5414,5416,5418,5420,5422,5424,5426,5428,5430,5432,5435,5437,5439,5441,5443,5445,5447,5449,5451,5453,5455,5457,5459,5461,5463,5465,5467,5469,5471,5473,5475,5477,5479,5481,5483,5485,5487,5489,5491,5493,5495,5497,5499,5501,5503,5505,5507,5509,5511,5513,5515,5517,5519,5521,5523,5525,5527,5529,5531,5533,5535,5537,5539,5541,5543,5545,5547,5549,5551,5553,5555,5557,5559,5561,5563,5565,5567,5569,5571,5573,5575,5577,5579,5581,5583,5585,5587,5589,5591,5593,5595,5597,5599,5601,5603,5605,5607,5609,5611,5613,5615,5617,5619,5621,5623,5625,5627,5629,5631,5633,5635,5638,5640,5642,5644,5646,5648,5650,5652,5654,5656,5658,5660,5662,5664,5666,5668,5670,5672,5674,5676,5678,5680,5682,5684,5686,5688,5690,5692,5694,5696,5698,5700,5702,5704,5706,5708,5710,5712,5714,5716,5718,5720,5722,5724,5726,5728,5730,5732,5734,5736,5738,5740,5742,5744,5746,5748,5750,5752,5754,5756,5758,5760,5762,5764,5766,5768,5770,5772,5774,5776,5778,5780,5782,5784,5786,5788,5790,5792,5794,5796,5798,5800,5802,5804,5806,5808,5810,5812,5814,5816,5818,5820,5822,5824,5826,5828,5830,5832,5834,5836,5838,5840,5842,5844,5846,5848,5850,5852,5854,5856,5858,5860,5862,5864,5866,5868,5870,5872,5874,5876,5878,5880,5882,5884,5886,5888,5890,5892,5894,5896,5898,5900,5902,5904,5906,5908,5910,5912,5914,5916,5918,5920,5922,5924,5926,5928,5930,5932,5934,5936,5938,5940,5942,5944,5946,5948,5950,5952,5954,5956,5958,5960,5962,5964,5966,5968,5970,5972,5974,5976,5978,5980,5982,5984,5986,5988,5990,5992,5994,5996,5998,6000,6002,6004,6006,6008,6010,6012,6014,6016,6018,6020,6022,6024,6026,6028,6030,6032,6034,6036,6038,6040,6042,6044,6046,6048,6050,6052,6054,6056,6058,6060,6062,6064,6066,6068,6070,6072,6074,6076,6078,6080,6082,6084,6086,6088,6090,6092,6094,6096,6098,6100,6102,6104,6106,6108,6110,6112,6114,6116,6118,6120,6122,6124,6126,6128,6130,6132,6134,6136,6138,6140,6142,6144,6146,6148,6150,6152,6154,6156,6158,6160,6162,6164,6166,6168,6170,6172,6174,6176,6178,6180,6182,6184,6186,6188,6190,6192,6194,6196,6198,6200,6202,6204,6206,6208,6210,6212,6214,6216,6218,6220,6222,6224,6226,6228,6230,6232,6234,6236,6238,6240,6242,6244,6246,6248,6250,6252,6254,6256,6258,6260,6262,6264,6266,6268,6270,6272,6274,6276,6278,6280,6282,6284,6286,6288,6290,6292,6294,6296,6298,6300,6302,6304,6306,6308,6310,6312,6314,6316,6318,6320,6322,6324,6326,6328,6330,6332,6334,6336,6338,6340,6342,6344,6346,6348,6350,6352,6354,6356,6358,6360,6362,6364,6366,6368,6370,6372,6374,6376,6378,6380,6382,6384,6386,6388,6390,6392,6394,6396,6398,6400,6402,6404,6406,6408,6410,6412,6414,6416,6418,6420,6422,6424,6426,6428,6430,6432,6434,6436,6438,6440,6442,6444,6446,6448,6450,6452,6454,6456,6458,6460,6462,6464,6466,6468,6470,6472,6474,6476,6478,6480,6482,6484,6486,6488,6490,6492,6494,6496,6498,6500,6502,6504,6506,6508,6510,6512,6514,6516,6518,6520,6522,6524,6526,6528,6530,6532,6534,6536,6538,6540,6542,6544,6546,6548,6550,6552,6554,6556,6558,6560,6562,6564,6566,6568,6570,6572,6574,6576,6578,6580,6582,6584,6586,6588,6590,6592,6594,6596,6598,6600,6602,6604,6606,6608,6610,6612,6614,6616,6618,6620,6622,6624,6626,6628,6630,6632,6634,6636,6638,6640,6642,6644,6646,6648,6650,6652,6654,6656,6658,6660,6662,6664,6666,6668,6670,6672,6674,6676,6678,6680,6682,6684,6686,6688,6690,6692,6694,6696,6698,6700,6702,6704,6706,6708,6710,6712,6714,6716,6718,6720,6722,6724,6726,6728,6730,6732,6734,6736,6738,6740,6742,6744,6746,6748,6750,6752,6754,6756,6758,6760,6762,6764,6766,6768,6770,6772,6774,6776,6778,6780,6782,6784,6786,6788,6790,6792,6794,6796,6798,6800,6802,6804,6806,6808,6810,6812,6814,6816,6818,6820,6822,6824,6826,6828,6830,6832,6834,6836,6838,6840,6842,6844,6846,6848,6850,6852,6854,6856,6858,6860,6862,6864,6866,6868,6870,6872,6874,6876,6878,6880,6882,6884,6886,6888,6890,6892,6894,6896,6898,6900,6902,6904,6906,6908,6910,6912,6914,6916,6918,6920,6922,6924,6926,6928,6930,6932,6934,6936,6938,6940,6942,6944,6946,6948,6950,6952,6954,6956,6958,6960,6962,6964,6966,6968,6970,6972,6974,6976,6978,6980,6982,6984,6986,6988,6990,6992,6994,6996,6998,7000,7002,7004,7006,7008,7010,7012,7014,7016,7018,7020,7022,7024,7026,7028,7030,7032,7034,7036,7038,7040,7042],{"categories":142},[143],"AI & LLMs",{"categories":145},[146],"Developer Productivity",{"categories":148},[143],{"categories":150},[151],"Business & SaaS",{"categories":153},[143],{"categories":155},[156],"AI Automation",{"categories":158},[159],"Product Strategy",{"categories":161},[156],{"categories":163},[143],{"categories":165},[146],{"categories":167},[156],{"categories":169},[110],{"categories":171},[143],{"categories":173},[151],{"categories":175},[],{"categories":177},[143],{"categories":179},[180],"Inference & Serving",{"categories":182},[143],{"categories":184},[143],{"categories":186},[156],{"categories":188},[],{"categories":190},[191],"AI News & Trends",{"categories":193},[194],"Data Science & Visualization",{"categories":196},[156],{"categories":198},[143],{"categories":200},[143],{"categories":202},[151],{"categories":204},[146],{"categories":206},[143],{"categories":208},[156],{"categories":210},[191],{"categories":212},[143],{"categories":214},[156],{"categories":216},[156],{"categories":218},[143],{"categories":220},[143],{"categories":222},[156],{"categories":224},[143],{"categories":226},[143],{"categories":228},[143],{"categories":230},[156],{"categories":232},[191],{"categories":234},[143],{"categories":236},[143],{"categories":238},[143],{"categories":240},[],{"categories":242},[243],"Design & Frontend",{"categories":245},[194],{"categories":247},[191],{"categories":249},[143],{"categories":251},[143],{"categories":253},[143],{"categories":255},[],{"categories":257},[143],{"categories":259},[143],{"categories":261},[156],{"categories":263},[110],{"categories":265},[143],{"categories":267},[156],{"categories":269},[143],{"categories":271},[272],"Marketing & Growth",{"categories":274},[243],{"categories":276},[143],{"categories":278},[156],{"categories":280},[143],{"categories":282},[143],{"categories":284},[110],{"categories":286},[143],{"categories":288},[],{"categories":290},[],{"categories":292},[243],{"categories":294},[143],{"categories":296},[156],{"categories":298},[146],{"categories":300},[110],{"categories":302},[156],{"categories":304},[243],{"categories":306},[159],{"categories":308},[143],{"categories":310},[110],{"categories":312},[313],"DevOps & Cloud",{"categories":315},[156],{"categories":317},[159],{"categories":319},[191],{"categories":321},[143],{"categories":323},[],{"categories":325},[143],{"categories":327},[143],{"categories":329},[],{"categories":331},[156],{"categories":333},[110],{"categories":335},[],{"categories":337},[110],{"categories":339},[143],{"categories":341},[342],"Governance & Standards",{"categories":344},[151],{"categories":346},[],{"categories":348},[],{"categories":350},[143],{"categories":352},[143],{"categories":354},[156],{"categories":356},[143],{"categories":358},[143],{"categories":360},[156],{"categories":362},[143],{"categories":364},[143],{"categories":366},[143],{"categories":368},[],{"categories":370},[110],{"categories":372},[],{"categories":374},[],{"categories":376},[143],{"categories":378},[110],{"categories":380},[],{"categories":382},[110],{"categories":384},[143],{"categories":386},[143],{"categories":388},[272],{"categories":390},[143],{"categories":392},[143],{"categories":394},[143],{"categories":396},[243],{"categories":398},[243],{"categories":400},[143],{"categories":402},[110],{"categories":404},[156],{"categories":406},[407],"GovTech & Public-Sector Adoption",{"categories":409},[110],{"categories":411},[143],{"categories":413},[143],{"categories":415},[143],{"categories":417},[156],{"categories":419},[156],{"categories":421},[194],{"categories":423},[143],{"categories":425},[191],{"categories":427},[156],{"categories":429},[430],"Legal AI Tools",{"categories":432},[143],{"categories":434},[156],{"categories":436},[143],{"categories":438},[272],{"categories":440},[156],{"categories":442},[159],{"categories":444},[143],{"categories":446},[110],{"categories":448},[407],{"categories":450},[],{"categories":452},[156],{"categories":454},[],{"categories":456},[151],{"categories":458},[156],{"categories":460},[156],{"categories":462},[463],"RAG & Retrieval",{"categories":465},[151],{"categories":467},[143],{"categories":469},[110],{"categories":471},[110],{"categories":473},[313],{"categories":475},[243],{"categories":477},[156],{"categories":479},[143],{"categories":481},[143],{"categories":483},[],{"categories":485},[486],"Agents & Orchestration",{"categories":488},[110],{"categories":490},[143],{"categories":492},[],{"categories":494},[156],{"categories":496},[151],{"categories":498},[],{"categories":500},[143],{"categories":502},[],{"categories":504},[143],{"categories":506},[146],{"categories":508},[110],{"categories":510},[151],{"categories":512},[143],{"categories":514},[156],{"categories":516},[143],{"categories":518},[191],{"categories":520},[143],{"categories":522},[],{"categories":524},[143],{"categories":526},[],{"categories":528},[143],{"categories":530},[110],{"categories":532},[143],{"categories":534},[156],{"categories":536},[194],{"categories":538},[],{"categories":540},[143],{"categories":542},[243],{"categories":544},[545],"Models & Frontier Labs",{"categories":547},[],{"categories":549},[243],{"categories":551},[552],"Regulation & Governance of AI",{"categories":554},[159],{"categories":556},[156],{"categories":558},[],{"categories":560},[143],{"categories":562},[143],{"categories":564},[156],{"categories":566},[156],{"categories":568},[191],{"categories":570},[143],{"categories":572},[151],{"categories":574},[143],{"categories":576},[156],{"categories":578},[],{"categories":580},[110],{"categories":582},[156],{"categories":584},[143],{"categories":586},[159],{"categories":588},[143],{"categories":590},[591],"AI Policy & Regulation",{"categories":593},[],{"categories":595},[143],{"categories":597},[156],{"categories":599},[159],{"categories":601},[156],{"categories":603},[143],{"categories":605},[143],{"categories":607},[143],{"categories":609},[156],{"categories":611},[],{"categories":613},[194],{"categories":615},[616],"Evals & Reliability",{"categories":618},[143],{"categories":620},[143],{"categories":622},[],{"categories":624},[146],{"categories":626},[407],{"categories":628},[591],{"categories":630},[143],{"categories":632},[151],{"categories":634},[143],{"categories":636},[156],{"categories":638},[143],{"categories":640},[156],{"categories":642},[486],{"categories":644},[143],{"categories":646},[110],{"categories":648},[143],{"categories":650},[],{"categories":652},[243],{"categories":654},[],{"categories":656},[143],{"categories":658},[407],{"categories":660},[143],{"categories":662},[143],{"categories":664},[143],{"categories":666},[],{"categories":668},[143],{"categories":670},[243],{"categories":672},[110],{"categories":674},[],{"categories":676},[143],{"categories":678},[],{"categories":680},[156],{"categories":682},[143],{"categories":684},[243],{"categories":686},[],{"categories":688},[143],{"categories":690},[143],{"categories":692},[194],{"categories":694},[156],{"categories":696},[143],{"categories":698},[151],{"categories":700},[156],{"categories":702},[143],{"categories":704},[143],{"categories":706},[110],{"categories":708},[243],{"categories":710},[143],{"categories":712},[156],{"categories":714},[],{"categories":716},[110],{"categories":718},[156],{"categories":720},[194],{"categories":722},[],{"categories":724},[143],{"categories":726},[191],{"categories":728},[143],{"categories":730},[],{"categories":732},[143],{"categories":734},[143],{"categories":736},[143],{"categories":738},[151,272],{"categories":740},[],{"categories":742},[110],{"categories":744},[143],{"categories":746},[143],{"categories":748},[156],{"categories":750},[143],{"categories":752},[],{"categories":754},[],{"categories":756},[143],{"categories":758},[243],{"categories":760},[143],{"categories":762},[],{"categories":764},[143],{"categories":766},[313],{"categories":768},[],{"categories":770},[156],{"categories":772},[191],{"categories":774},[143],{"categories":776},[143],{"categories":778},[243],{"categories":780},[],{"categories":782},[191],{"categories":784},[143],{"categories":786},[180],{"categories":788},[143],{"categories":790},[143],{"categories":792},[156],{"categories":794},[191],{"categories":796},[545],{"categories":798},[143],{"categories":800},[272],{"categories":802},[],{"categories":804},[156],{"categories":806},[151],{"categories":808},[110],{"categories":810},[143],{"categories":812},[156],{"categories":814},[],{"categories":816},[143,313],{"categories":818},[143],{"categories":820},[143],{"categories":822},[143],{"categories":824},[156],{"categories":826},[143,110],{"categories":828},[194],{"categories":830},[143],{"categories":832},[143],{"categories":834},[143],{"categories":836},[110],{"categories":838},[143],{"categories":840},[156],{"categories":842},[156],{"categories":844},[591],{"categories":846},[272],{"categories":848},[143],{"categories":850},[156],{"categories":852},[143],{"categories":854},[143],{"categories":856},[156],{"categories":858},[],{"categories":860},[156],{"categories":862},[143],{"categories":864},[143],{"categories":866},[156],{"categories":868},[143],{"categories":870},[143,151],{"categories":872},[143],{"categories":874},[151],{"categories":876},[],{"categories":878},[243],{"categories":880},[243],{"categories":882},[143],{"categories":884},[],{"categories":886},[],{"categories":888},[143],{"categories":890},[191],{"categories":892},[],{"categories":894},[146],{"categories":896},[143],{"categories":898},[110],{"categories":900},[143],{"categories":902},[903],"Generative UI & Design-to-Code",{"categories":905},[143],{"categories":907},[143],{"categories":909},[243],{"categories":911},[143],{"categories":913},[914],"Algorithmic Accountability",{"categories":916},[156],{"categories":918},[110],{"categories":920},[191],{"categories":922},[243],{"categories":924},[143],{"categories":926},[],{"categories":928},[159],{"categories":930},[143],{"categories":932},[143],{"categories":934},[143],{"categories":936},[143],{"categories":938},[156],{"categories":940},[941],"MLOps & Infrastructure",{"categories":943},[143],{"categories":945},[143],{"categories":947},[143],{"categories":949},[143],{"categories":951},[143],{"categories":953},[110],{"categories":955},[191],{"categories":957},[143],{"categories":959},[159],{"categories":961},[146],{"categories":963},[143],{"categories":965},[156],{"categories":967},[313],{"categories":969},[143],{"categories":971},[151],{"categories":973},[143],{"categories":975},[243],{"categories":977},[143],{"categories":979},[143],{"categories":981},[156],{"categories":983},[],{"categories":985},[],{"categories":987},[143],{"categories":989},[180],{"categories":991},[243],{"categories":993},[191],{"categories":995},[194],{"categories":997},[],{"categories":999},[143],{"categories":1001},[143],{"categories":1003},[151],{"categories":1005},[156],{"categories":1007},[143],{"categories":1009},[143],{"categories":1011},[143],{"categories":1013},[143],{"categories":1015},[191],{"categories":1017},[180],{"categories":1019},[143],{"categories":1021},[243],{"categories":1023},[143],{"categories":1025},[],{"categories":1027},[156],{"categories":1029},[110],{"categories":1031},[],{"categories":1033},[143],{"categories":1035},[143],{"categories":1037},[156],{"categories":1039},[110],{"categories":1041},[143],{"categories":1043},[194],{"categories":1045},[243],{"categories":1047},[],{"categories":1049},[143],{"categories":1051},[],{"categories":1053},[143],{"categories":1055},[],{"categories":1057},[143],{"categories":1059},[143],{"categories":1061},[159],{"categories":1063},[151],{"categories":1065},[156],{"categories":1067},[156],{"categories":1069},[],{"categories":1071},[143],{"categories":1073},[146],{"categories":1075},[143],{"categories":1077},[143],{"categories":1079},[151],{"categories":1081},[191],{"categories":1083},[146],{"categories":1085},[],{"categories":1087},[143],{"categories":1089},[],{"categories":1091},[143],{"categories":1093},[],{"categories":1095},[191],{"categories":1097},[191],{"categories":1099},[],{"categories":1101},[486],{"categories":1103},[143],{"categories":1105},[243],{"categories":1107},[110],{"categories":1109},[],{"categories":1111},[430],{"categories":1113},[156],{"categories":1115},[151],{"categories":1117},[],{"categories":1119},[],{"categories":1121},[146],{"categories":1123},[194],{"categories":1125},[],{"categories":1127},[272],{"categories":1129},[156],{"categories":1131},[151],{"categories":1133},[156],{"categories":1135},[143],{"categories":1137},[151],{"categories":1139},[143],{"categories":1141},[110],{"categories":1143},[],{"categories":1145},[180],{"categories":1147},[159],{"categories":1149},[143],{"categories":1151},[243],{"categories":1153},[110],{"categories":1155},[151],{"categories":1157},[143],{"categories":1159},[110],{"categories":1161},[143],{"categories":1163},[156],{"categories":1165},[151],{"categories":1167},[143],{"categories":1169},[143],{"categories":1171},[143],{"categories":1173},[143],{"categories":1175},[143],{"categories":1177},[],{"categories":1179},[],{"categories":1181},[110],{"categories":1183},[194],{"categories":1185},[159],{"categories":1187},[143],{"categories":1189},[156],{"categories":1191},[110],{"categories":1193},[110],{"categories":1195},[143],{"categories":1197},[],{"categories":1199},[191],{"categories":1201},[159],{"categories":1203},[159],{"categories":1205},[110],{"categories":1207},[143],{"categories":1209},[616],{"categories":1211},[313],{"categories":1213},[],{"categories":1215},[156],{"categories":1217},[143],{"categories":1219},[],{"categories":1221},[146],{"categories":1223},[],{"categories":1225},[143],{"categories":1227},[143],{"categories":1229},[143],{"categories":1231},[243],{"categories":1233},[272],{"categories":1235},[143],{"categories":1237},[110],{"categories":1239},[143],{"categories":1241},[156],{"categories":1243},[],{"categories":1245},[110],{"categories":1247},[143],{"categories":1249},[146],{"categories":1251},[],{"categories":1253},[151],{"categories":1255},[143],{"categories":1257},[143],{"categories":1259},[191],{"categories":1261},[143,313],{"categories":1263},[143],{"categories":1265},[1266],"Design Systems for AI",{"categories":1268},[143],{"categories":1270},[143],{"categories":1272},[191],{"categories":1274},[143],{"categories":1276},[143],{"categories":1278},[143],{"categories":1280},[151],{"categories":1282},[143],{"categories":1284},[143],{"categories":1286},[143],{"categories":1288},[],{"categories":1290},[143],{"categories":1292},[143],{"categories":1294},[151],{"categories":1296},[143],{"categories":1298},[],{"categories":1300},[156],{"categories":1302},[156],{"categories":1304},[110],{"categories":1306},[191],{"categories":1308},[110],{"categories":1310},[143],{"categories":1312},[243],{"categories":1314},[191],{"categories":1316},[194],{"categories":1318},[143],{"categories":1320},[143],{"categories":1322},[156],{"categories":1324},[146],{"categories":1326},[591],{"categories":1328},[143],{"categories":1330},[156],{"categories":1332},[143],{"categories":1334},[110],{"categories":1336},[110],{"categories":1338},[],{"categories":1340},[],{"categories":1342},[143],{"categories":1344},[156],{"categories":1346},[159],{"categories":1348},[],{"categories":1350},[151],{"categories":1352},[143],{"categories":1354},[],{"categories":1356},[243],{"categories":1358},[110],{"categories":1360},[156],{"categories":1362},[110],{"categories":1364},[243],{"categories":1366},[143],{"categories":1368},[143],{"categories":1370},[243],{"categories":1372},[],{"categories":1374},[],{"categories":1376},[191],{"categories":1378},[156],{"categories":1380},[156],{"categories":1382},[143],{"categories":1384},[143],{"categories":1386},[143],{"categories":1388},[143],{"categories":1390},[151],{"categories":1392},[143],{"categories":1394},[143],{"categories":1396},[],{"categories":1398},[110],{"categories":1400},[110],{"categories":1402},[143],{"categories":1404},[110],{"categories":1406},[151],{"categories":1408},[],{"categories":1410},[143],{"categories":1412},[143],{"categories":1414},[143],{"categories":1416},[143],{"categories":1418},[143],{"categories":1420},[156],{"categories":1422},[146],{"categories":1424},[151],{"categories":1426},[143],{"categories":1428},[156],{"categories":1430},[191],{"categories":1432},[156],{"categories":1434},[180],{"categories":1436},[272],{"categories":1438},[143],{"categories":1440},[156],{"categories":1442},[143],{"categories":1444},[143],{"categories":1446},[143],{"categories":1448},[],{"categories":1450},[243],{"categories":1452},[],{"categories":1454},[143],{"categories":1456},[143],{"categories":1458},[],{"categories":1460},[143],{"categories":1462},[110],{"categories":1464},[151],{"categories":1466},[1467],"Visual & Generative Media",{"categories":1469},[156],{"categories":1471},[],{"categories":1473},[143],{"categories":1475},[143],{"categories":1477},[110],{"categories":1479},[313],{"categories":1481},[143],{"categories":1483},[194],{"categories":1485},[591],{"categories":1487},[110],{"categories":1489},[272],{"categories":1491},[143],{"categories":1493},[243],{"categories":1495},[143],{"categories":1497},[143],{"categories":1499},[110],{"categories":1501},[156],{"categories":1503},[143],{"categories":1505},[],{"categories":1507},[],{"categories":1509},[156],{"categories":1511},[110],{"categories":1513},[146],{"categories":1515},[156],{"categories":1517},[545],{"categories":1519},[143],{"categories":1521},[159],{"categories":1523},[143],{"categories":1525},[151],{"categories":1527},[],{"categories":1529},[143],{"categories":1531},[159],{"categories":1533},[143],{"categories":1535},[143],{"categories":1537},[143],{"categories":1539},[159],{"categories":1541},[143],{"categories":1543},[143],{"categories":1545},[272],{"categories":1547},[143],{"categories":1549},[486],{"categories":1551},[143],{"categories":1553},[156],{"categories":1555},[143],{"categories":1557},[143],{"categories":1559},[143],{"categories":1561},[143],{"categories":1563},[243],{"categories":1565},[156],{"categories":1567},[],{"categories":1569},[156],{"categories":1571},[],{"categories":1573},[313],{"categories":1575},[110],{"categories":1577},[],{"categories":1579},[545],{"categories":1581},[143],{"categories":1583},[156],{"categories":1585},[156],{"categories":1587},[143],{"categories":1589},[243,143],{"categories":1591},[146],{"categories":1593},[143],{"categories":1595},[243],{"categories":1597},[],{"categories":1599},[143],{"categories":1601},[146],{"categories":1603},[143],{"categories":1605},[1606],"Medical Imaging & Radiology",{"categories":1608},[143],{"categories":1610},[143],{"categories":1612},[143],{"categories":1614},[243],{"categories":1616},[156],{"categories":1618},[110],{"categories":1620},[],{"categories":1622},[143],{"categories":1624},[143],{"categories":1626},[143],{"categories":1628},[],{"categories":1630},[],{"categories":1632},[143],{"categories":1634},[143],{"categories":1636},[486],{"categories":1638},[143],{"categories":1640},[146],{"categories":1642},[143],{"categories":1644},[143],{"categories":1646},[],{"categories":1648},[156],{"categories":1650},[143],{"categories":1652},[159],{"categories":1654},[110],{"categories":1656},[143],{"categories":1658},[156],{"categories":1660},[486],{"categories":1662},[143],{"categories":1664},[156],{"categories":1666},[143],{"categories":1668},[143],{"categories":1670},[143],{"categories":1672},[243],{"categories":1674},[156],{"categories":1676},[313],{"categories":1678},[243],{"categories":1680},[151],{"categories":1682},[156],{"categories":1684},[191],{"categories":1686},[143],{"categories":1688},[143],{"categories":1690},[159],{"categories":1692},[143],{"categories":1694},[143],{"categories":1696},[143],{"categories":1698},[143],{"categories":1700},[156],{"categories":1702},[143],{"categories":1704},[110],{"categories":1706},[110],{"categories":1708},[143],{"categories":1710},[159],{"categories":1712},[],{"categories":1714},[191],{"categories":1716},[],{"categories":1718},[159],{"categories":1720},[156],{"categories":1722},[143],{"categories":1724},[156],{"categories":1726},[1266],{"categories":1728},[1266],{"categories":1730},[243],{"categories":1732},[143],{"categories":1734},[143],{"categories":1736},[143],{"categories":1738},[156],{"categories":1740},[110],{"categories":1742},[243],{"categories":1744},[156],{"categories":1746},[191],{"categories":1748},[],{"categories":1750},[143],{"categories":1752},[],{"categories":1754},[143],{"categories":1756},[143],{"categories":1758},[143],{"categories":1760},[143],{"categories":1762},[156],{"categories":1764},[1765],"Contract Review & E-Discovery",{"categories":1767},[143],{"categories":1769},[243],{"categories":1771},[143],{"categories":1773},[146],{"categories":1775},[143],{"categories":1777},[191],{"categories":1779},[143],{"categories":1781},[143],{"categories":1783},[272],{"categories":1785},[110],{"categories":1787},[143],{"categories":1789},[143],{"categories":1791},[156],{"categories":1793},[156],{"categories":1795},[914],{"categories":1797},[143],{"categories":1799},[143],{"categories":1801},[156],{"categories":1803},[156],{"categories":1805},[143],{"categories":1807},[143],{"categories":1809},[143],{"categories":1811},[156],{"categories":1813},[143],{"categories":1815},[143],{"categories":1817},[486],{"categories":1819},[463],{"categories":1821},[143],{"categories":1823},[156],{"categories":1825},[143],{"categories":1827},[1828],"Law-Firm Practice & Adoption",{"categories":1830},[143],{"categories":1832},[156],{"categories":1834},[243],{"categories":1836},[143],{"categories":1838},[143],{"categories":1840},[143],{"categories":1842},[],{"categories":1844},[],{"categories":1846},[110],{"categories":1848},[143],{"categories":1850},[],{"categories":1852},[156],{"categories":1854},[146],{"categories":1856},[313],{"categories":1858},[143],{"categories":1860},[],{"categories":1862},[146],{"categories":1864},[151],{"categories":1866},[143],{"categories":1868},[272],{"categories":1870},[],{"categories":1872},[151],{"categories":1874},[156],{"categories":1876},[151],{"categories":1878},[],{"categories":1880},[143],{"categories":1882},[159],{"categories":1884},[143],{"categories":1886},[110],{"categories":1888},[],{"categories":1890},[],{"categories":1892},[],{"categories":1894},[],{"categories":1896},[143],{"categories":1898},[159],{"categories":1900},[156],{"categories":1902},[313],{"categories":1904},[143],{"categories":1906},[146],{"categories":1908},[110],{"categories":1910},[143],{"categories":1912},[143],{"categories":1914},[110],{"categories":1916},[159],{"categories":1918},[143],{"categories":1920},[143],{"categories":1922},[143],{"categories":1924},[941],{"categories":1926},[143],{"categories":1928},[110],{"categories":1930},[143],{"categories":1932},[272],{"categories":1934},[110],{"categories":1936},[151],{"categories":1938},[143],{"categories":1940},[143],{"categories":1942},[143],{"categories":1944},[243],{"categories":1946},[143],{"categories":1948},[143],{"categories":1950},[143],{"categories":1952},[143],{"categories":1954},[151],{"categories":1956},[156],{"categories":1958},[143,146],{"categories":1960},[486],{"categories":1962},[143],{"categories":1964},[143],{"categories":1966},[110],{"categories":1968},[110],{"categories":1970},[243],{"categories":1972},[156],{"categories":1974},[156],{"categories":1976},[110],{"categories":1978},[143],{"categories":1980},[143],{"categories":1982},[143],{"categories":1984},[],{"categories":1986},[],{"categories":1988},[143],{"categories":1990},[194],{"categories":1992},[143],{"categories":1994},[156],{"categories":1996},[],{"categories":1998},[143],{"categories":2000},[143],{"categories":2002},[110],{"categories":2004},[194],{"categories":2006},[191],{"categories":2008},[243],{"categories":2010},[143],{"categories":2012},[156],{"categories":2014},[143],{"categories":2016},[110],{"categories":2018},[],{"categories":2020},[156],{"categories":2022},[143],{"categories":2024},[143],{"categories":2026},[143],{"categories":2028},[143],{"categories":2030},[],{"categories":2032},[156],{"categories":2034},[143],{"categories":2036},[143],{"categories":2038},[143],{"categories":2040},[],{"categories":2042},[156],{"categories":2044},[143],{"categories":2046},[143],{"categories":2048},[151],{"categories":2050},[143],{"categories":2052},[143],{"categories":2054},[],{"categories":2056},[146],{"categories":2058},[143],{"categories":2060},[143],{"categories":2062},[143],{"categories":2064},[243],{"categories":2066},[143],{"categories":2068},[110],{"categories":2070},[143],{"categories":2072},[146],{"categories":2074},[143],{"categories":2076},[110],{"categories":2078},[272],{"categories":2080},[156],{"categories":2082},[156],{"categories":2084},[143],{"categories":2086},[143],{"categories":2088},[143,243],{"categories":2090},[143],{"categories":2092},[156],{"categories":2094},[191],{"categories":2096},[143],{"categories":2098},[191],{"categories":2100},[156],{"categories":2102},[243],{"categories":2104},[143],{"categories":2106},[],{"categories":2108},[110],{"categories":2110},[313],{"categories":2112},[243],{"categories":2114},[110],{"categories":2116},[143],{"categories":2118},[159],{"categories":2120},[143],{"categories":2122},[143],{"categories":2124},[156],{"categories":2126},[],{"categories":2128},[],{"categories":2130},[143],{"categories":2132},[],{"categories":2134},[],{"categories":2136},[159],{"categories":2138},[110],{"categories":2140},[143],{"categories":2142},[156],{"categories":2144},[156],{"categories":2146},[151],{"categories":2148},[156],{"categories":2150},[313],{"categories":2152},[143],{"categories":2154},[143],{"categories":2156},[143],{"categories":2158},[180],{"categories":2160},[143],{"categories":2162},[143],{"categories":2164},[143],{"categories":2166},[110],{"categories":2168},[156],{"categories":2170},[143],{"categories":2172},[143],{"categories":2174},[110],{"categories":2176},[430],{"categories":2178},[156],{"categories":2180},[914],{"categories":2182},[],{"categories":2184},[243],{"categories":2186},[1828],{"categories":2188},[110],{"categories":2190},[],{"categories":2192},[],{"categories":2194},[143],{"categories":2196},[156],{"categories":2198},[],{"categories":2200},[],{"categories":2202},[143],{"categories":2204},[272],{"categories":2206},[143],{"categories":2208},[272],{"categories":2210},[156],{"categories":2212},[143],{"categories":2214},[143],{"categories":2216},[110],{"categories":2218},[159],{"categories":2220},[],{"categories":2222},[143],{"categories":2224},[143],{"categories":2226},[110],{"categories":2228},[1765],{"categories":2230},[243],{"categories":2232},[243],{"categories":2234},[143],{"categories":2236},[156],{"categories":2238},[146],{"categories":2240},[143],{"categories":2242},[143],{"categories":2244},[143],{"categories":2246},[143],{"categories":2248},[243],{"categories":2250},[243],{"categories":2252},[156],{"categories":2254},[156],{"categories":2256},[156],{"categories":2258},[143],{"categories":2260},[143],{"categories":2262},[],{"categories":2264},[143],{"categories":2266},[],{"categories":2268},[2269],"Interaction & Product Design",{"categories":2271},[143],{"categories":2273},[156],{"categories":2275},[110],{"categories":2277},[342],{"categories":2279},[191],{"categories":2281},[110],{"categories":2283},[143],{"categories":2285},[143],{"categories":2287},[143],{"categories":2289},[110],{"categories":2291},[143],{"categories":2293},[146],{"categories":2295},[156],{"categories":2297},[143],{"categories":2299},[],{"categories":2301},[156],{"categories":2303},[156],{"categories":2305},[156],{"categories":2307},[],{"categories":2309},[110],{"categories":2311},[143],{"categories":2313},[156],{"categories":2315},[146],{"categories":2317},[2269],{"categories":2319},[143],{"categories":2321},[146],{"categories":2323},[146],{"categories":2325},[],{"categories":2327},[156],{"categories":2329},[110],{"categories":2331},[],{"categories":2333},[156],{"categories":2335},[191],{"categories":2337},[143],{"categories":2339},[156],{"categories":2341},[143],{"categories":2343},[156],{"categories":2345},[156],{"categories":2347},[143],{"categories":2349},[143],{"categories":2351},[191],{"categories":2353},[194],{"categories":2355},[143],{"categories":2357},[159],{"categories":2359},[110],{"categories":2361},[2362],"Coding Agents & Dev Productivity",{"categories":2364},[191],{"categories":2366},[243],{"categories":2368},[143],{"categories":2370},[143],{"categories":2372},[],{"categories":2374},[143],{"categories":2376},[914],{"categories":2378},[],{"categories":2380},[143],{"categories":2382},[143],{"categories":2384},[313],{"categories":2386},[143],{"categories":2388},[191],{"categories":2390},[],{"categories":2392},[],{"categories":2394},[143],{"categories":2396},[],{"categories":2398},[156],{"categories":2400},[143],{"categories":2402},[],{"categories":2404},[110],{"categories":2406},[110],{"categories":2408},[143],{"categories":2410},[194],{"categories":2412},[],{"categories":2414},[143],{"categories":2416},[143],{"categories":2418},[143],{"categories":2420},[194],{"categories":2422},[110],{"categories":2424},[156],{"categories":2426},[],{"categories":2428},[],{"categories":2430},[143],{"categories":2432},[143],{"categories":2434},[156],{"categories":2436},[156],{"categories":2438},[407],{"categories":2440},[110],{"categories":2442},[110],{"categories":2444},[156],{"categories":2446},[191],{"categories":2448},[191],{"categories":2450},[156],{"categories":2452},[156],{"categories":2454},[143],{"categories":2456},[146],{"categories":2458},[2269],{"categories":2460},[159],{"categories":2462},[143,313],{"categories":2464},[194],{"categories":2466},[],{"categories":2468},[243],{"categories":2470},[156],{"categories":2472},[110],{"categories":2474},[146],{"categories":2476},[143],{"categories":2478},[156],{"categories":2480},[2481],"The Designer's Role & Craft",{"categories":2483},[243],{"categories":2485},[],{"categories":2487},[156],{"categories":2489},[143],{"categories":2491},[156],{"categories":2493},[156],{"categories":2495},[143],{"categories":2497},[272],{"categories":2499},[143],{"categories":2501},[110],{"categories":2503},[143],{"categories":2505},[243],{"categories":2507},[143],{"categories":2509},[],{"categories":2511},[156],{"categories":2513},[243],{"categories":2515},[159],{"categories":2517},[143],{"categories":2519},[143],{"categories":2521},[143],{"categories":2523},[2524],"AI UX Patterns",{"categories":2526},[156],{"categories":2528},[156],{"categories":2530},[156],{"categories":2532},[156],{"categories":2534},[272],{"categories":2536},[194],{"categories":2538},[143],{"categories":2540},[156],{"categories":2542},[143],{"categories":2544},[1266],{"categories":2546},[],{"categories":2548},[272],{"categories":2550},[156],{"categories":2552},[191],{"categories":2554},[110],{"categories":2556},[143],{"categories":2558},[156],{"categories":2560},[],{"categories":2562},[],{"categories":2564},[143],{"categories":2566},[143],{"categories":2568},[156],{"categories":2570},[143],{"categories":2572},[156],{"categories":2574},[407],{"categories":2576},[243],{"categories":2578},[143],{"categories":2580},[191],{"categories":2582},[110],{"categories":2584},[143],{"categories":2586},[156],{"categories":2588},[156],{"categories":2590},[],{"categories":2592},[143],{"categories":2594},[],{"categories":2596},[143],{"categories":2598},[],{"categories":2600},[143],{"categories":2602},[143],{"categories":2604},[143],{"categories":2606},[156],{"categories":2608},[110],{"categories":2610},[],{"categories":2612},[],{"categories":2614},[194],{"categories":2616},[180],{"categories":2618},[143],{"categories":2620},[143],{"categories":2622},[143],{"categories":2624},[194],{"categories":2626},[143],{"categories":2628},[143],{"categories":2630},[191],{"categories":2632},[143],{"categories":2634},[143],{"categories":2636},[143],{"categories":2638},[156],{"categories":2640},[143],{"categories":2642},[156],{"categories":2644},[143],{"categories":2646},[143],{"categories":2648},[143],{"categories":2650},[156],{"categories":2652},[],{"categories":2654},[143],{"categories":2656},[],{"categories":2658},[143],{"categories":2660},[143],{"categories":2662},[313],{"categories":2664},[143],{"categories":2666},[],{"categories":2668},[],{"categories":2670},[243],{"categories":2672},[941],{"categories":2674},[156],{"categories":2676},[146],{"categories":2678},[2481],{"categories":2680},[],{"categories":2682},[],{"categories":2684},[143],{"categories":2686},[],{"categories":2688},[],{"categories":2690},[110],{"categories":2692},[191],{"categories":2694},[272],{"categories":2696},[156],{"categories":2698},[151],{"categories":2700},[143],{"categories":2702},[143],{"categories":2704},[151],{"categories":2706},[],{"categories":2708},[243],{"categories":2710},[159],{"categories":2712},[143],{"categories":2714},[143],{"categories":2716},[156],{"categories":2718},[151],{"categories":2720},[143],{"categories":2722},[143],{"categories":2724},[146],{"categories":2726},[143],{"categories":2728},[143],{"categories":2730},[],{"categories":2732},[146],{"categories":2734},[143],{"categories":2736},[272],{"categories":2738},[156],{"categories":2740},[191],{"categories":2742},[143],{"categories":2744},[110],{"categories":2746},[143],{"categories":2748},[143],{"categories":2750},[151],{"categories":2752},[143],{"categories":2754},[143],{"categories":2756},[143],{"categories":2758},[156],{"categories":2760},[143],{"categories":2762},[],{"categories":2764},[143],{"categories":2766},[110],{"categories":2768},[146],{"categories":2770},[143],{"categories":2772},[143],{"categories":2774},[143],{"categories":2776},[],{"categories":2778},[143],{"categories":2780},[486],{"categories":2782},[156],{"categories":2784},[151],{"categories":2786},[191],{"categories":2788},[143],{"categories":2790},[143],{"categories":2792},[],{"categories":2794},[151],{"categories":2796},[151],{"categories":2798},[143],{"categories":2800},[143],{"categories":2802},[159],{"categories":2804},[143],{"categories":2806},[143],{"categories":2808},[143],{"categories":2810},[143],{"categories":2812},[110],{"categories":2814},[110],{"categories":2816},[143],{"categories":2818},[],{"categories":2820},[110],{"categories":2822},[143],{"categories":2824},[110],{"categories":2826},[156],{"categories":2828},[591],{"categories":2830},[],{"categories":2832},[],{"categories":2834},[143],{"categories":2836},[191],{"categories":2838},[],{"categories":2840},[313],{"categories":2842},[143],{"categories":2844},[143],{"categories":2846},[143],{"categories":2848},[243],{"categories":2850},[903],{"categories":2852},[],{"categories":2854},[143],{"categories":2856},[143],{"categories":2858},[143],{"categories":2860},[110],{"categories":2862},[143],{"categories":2864},[143],{"categories":2866},[143,313],{"categories":2868},[143],{"categories":2870},[143],{"categories":2872},[243],{"categories":2874},[156],{"categories":2876},[],{"categories":2878},[156],{"categories":2880},[156],{"categories":2882},[143],{"categories":2884},[143],{"categories":2886},[143],{"categories":2888},[143],{"categories":2890},[194],{"categories":2892},[143],{"categories":2894},[2524],{"categories":2896},[146],{"categories":2898},[194],{"categories":2900},[146],{"categories":2902},[110],{"categories":2904},[243],{"categories":2906},[156],{"categories":2908},[143],{"categories":2910},[],{"categories":2912},[151],{"categories":2914},[143],{"categories":2916},[143],{"categories":2918},[191],{"categories":2920},[143],{"categories":2922},[143],{"categories":2924},[143],{"categories":2926},[156],{"categories":2928},[143],{"categories":2930},[143],{"categories":2932},[143],{"categories":2934},[151],{"categories":2936},[],{"categories":2938},[313],{"categories":2940},[143],{"categories":2942},[407],{"categories":2944},[243],{"categories":2946},[243],{"categories":2948},[110],{"categories":2950},[156],{"categories":2952},[143],{"categories":2954},[151],{"categories":2956},[191],{"categories":2958},[143],{"categories":2960},[143],{"categories":2962},[143],{"categories":2964},[243],{"categories":2966},[156],{"categories":2968},[156],{"categories":2970},[143],{"categories":2972},[143],{"categories":2974},[545],{"categories":2976},[156],{"categories":2978},[],{"categories":2980},[143],{"categories":2982},[143],{"categories":2984},[143],{"categories":2986},[],{"categories":2988},[],{"categories":2990},[143],{"categories":2992},[143],{"categories":2994},[156],{"categories":2996},[143],{"categories":2998},[143],{"categories":3000},[143],{"categories":3002},[110],{"categories":3004},[143],{"categories":3006},[143],{"categories":3008},[156],{"categories":3010},[143],{"categories":3012},[143],{"categories":3014},[143],{"categories":3016},[143],{"categories":3018},[143],{"categories":3020},[],{"categories":3022},[110],{"categories":3024},[194],{"categories":3026},[143],{"categories":3028},[156],{"categories":3030},[156],{"categories":3032},[143],{"categories":3034},[143],{"categories":3036},[],{"categories":3038},[],{"categories":3040},[143],{"categories":3042},[143],{"categories":3044},[143],{"categories":3046},[191],{"categories":3048},[194],{"categories":3050},[],{"categories":3052},[143],{"categories":3054},[243],{"categories":3056},[143],{"categories":3058},[313],{"categories":3060},[1828],{"categories":3062},[191],{"categories":3064},[110],{"categories":3066},[143],{"categories":3068},[110],{"categories":3070},[110],{"categories":3072},[143],{"categories":3074},[143],{"categories":3076},[110],{"categories":3078},[191],{"categories":3080},[191],{"categories":3082},[313],{"categories":3084},[156],{"categories":3086},[],{"categories":3088},[191],{"categories":3090},[143],{"categories":3092},[156],{"categories":3094},[146],{"categories":3096},[110],{"categories":3098},[143],{"categories":3100},[191],{"categories":3102},[],{"categories":3104},[143],{"categories":3106},[110],{"categories":3108},[110],{"categories":3110},[194],{"categories":3112},[143],{"categories":3114},[191],{"categories":3116},[143],{"categories":3118},[110],{"categories":3120},[156],{"categories":3122},[156],{"categories":3124},[191],{"categories":3126},[156],{"categories":3128},[313],{"categories":3130},[156],{"categories":3132},[143],{"categories":3134},[143],{"categories":3136},[143],{"categories":3138},[143],{"categories":3140},[110],{"categories":3142},[143],{"categories":3144},[],{"categories":3146},[156],{"categories":3148},[151],{"categories":3150},[110],{"categories":3152},[],{"categories":3154},[],{"categories":3156},[143],{"categories":3158},[156],{"categories":3160},[143],{"categories":3162},[143],{"categories":3164},[3165],"Frameworks & Tooling",{"categories":3167},[143],{"categories":3169},[143],{"categories":3171},[110],{"categories":3173},[143],{"categories":3175},[143],{"categories":3177},[],{"categories":3179},[194],{"categories":3181},[194],{"categories":3183},[146],{"categories":3185},[143],{"categories":3187},[156],{"categories":3189},[143],{"categories":3191},[243],{"categories":3193},[],{"categories":3195},[1828],{"categories":3197},[143],{"categories":3199},[110],{"categories":3201},[143],{"categories":3203},[313],{"categories":3205},[313],{"categories":3207},[],{"categories":3209},[156],{"categories":3211},[156],{"categories":3213},[143],{"categories":3215},[143],{"categories":3217},[191],{"categories":3219},[156],{"categories":3221},[191],{"categories":3223},[143],{"categories":3225},[156],{"categories":3227},[],{"categories":3229},[243],{"categories":3231},[143],{"categories":3233},[143],{"categories":3235},[],{"categories":3237},[143],{"categories":3239},[156],{"categories":3241},[143],{"categories":3243},[143],{"categories":3245},[143],{"categories":3247},[],{"categories":3249},[110],{"categories":3251},[143],{"categories":3253},[110],{"categories":3255},[313],{"categories":3257},[143],{"categories":3259},[143],{"categories":3261},[143],{"categories":3263},[110],{"categories":3265},[151],{"categories":3267},[143],{"categories":3269},[1828],{"categories":3271},[],{"categories":3273},[156],{"categories":3275},[146],{"categories":3277},[143],{"categories":3279},[146],{"categories":3281},[143],{"categories":3283},[],{"categories":3285},[156],{"categories":3287},[143],{"categories":3289},[143],{"categories":3291},[3292],"AI Design Tooling",{"categories":3294},[243],{"categories":3296},[143],{"categories":3298},[143],{"categories":3300},[110],{"categories":3302},[243],{"categories":3304},[143],{"categories":3306},[143],{"categories":3308},[110],{"categories":3310},[191],{"categories":3312},[159],{"categories":3314},[110],{"categories":3316},[143],{"categories":3318},[143],{"categories":3320},[143],{"categories":3322},[156],{"categories":3324},[143],{"categories":3326},[],{"categories":3328},[156],{"categories":3330},[143],{"categories":3332},[143],{"categories":3334},[156],{"categories":3336},[143],{"categories":3338},[143],{"categories":3340},[143],{"categories":3342},[156],{"categories":3344},[],{"categories":3346},[156],{"categories":3348},[3165],{"categories":3350},[143],{"categories":3352},[143],{"categories":3354},[156],{"categories":3356},[156],{"categories":3358},[110],{"categories":3360},[110],{"categories":3362},[143],{"categories":3364},[],{"categories":3366},[110],{"categories":3368},[143],{"categories":3370},[143],{"categories":3372},[156],{"categories":3374},[151],{"categories":3376},[143],{"categories":3378},[],{"categories":3380},[143],{"categories":3382},[143],{"categories":3384},[2269],{"categories":3386},[],{"categories":3388},[143],{"categories":3390},[143],{"categories":3392},[143],{"categories":3394},[143],{"categories":3396},[243],{"categories":3398},[143],{"categories":3400},[],{"categories":3402},[143],{"categories":3404},[143],{"categories":3406},[143],{"categories":3408},[143],{"categories":3410},[272],{"categories":3412},[191],{"categories":3414},[143],{"categories":3416},[143],{"categories":3418},[1828],{"categories":3420},[146],{"categories":3422},[143],{"categories":3424},[143],{"categories":3426},[194],{"categories":3428},[143],{"categories":3430},[143],{"categories":3432},[191],{"categories":3434},[156],{"categories":3436},[],{"categories":3438},[143],{"categories":3440},[143],{"categories":3442},[243],{"categories":3444},[143],{"categories":3446},[272],{"categories":3448},[156],{"categories":3450},[143],{"categories":3452},[156],{"categories":3454},[],{"categories":3456},[],{"categories":3458},[],{"categories":3460},[146],{"categories":3462},[191],{"categories":3464},[156],{"categories":3466},[143],{"categories":3468},[143],{"categories":3470},[143],{"categories":3472},[143],{"categories":3474},[430],{"categories":3476},[243],{"categories":3478},[156],{"categories":3480},[143],{"categories":3482},[],{"categories":3484},[156],{"categories":3486},[156],{"categories":3488},[],{"categories":3490},[143],{"categories":3492},[156],{"categories":3494},[143],{"categories":3496},[],{"categories":3498},[143],{"categories":3500},[143],{"categories":3502},[143],{"categories":3504},[191],{"categories":3506},[243],{"categories":3508},[156],{"categories":3510},[243],{"categories":3512},[156],{"categories":3514},[143],{"categories":3516},[151],{"categories":3518},[],{"categories":3520},[],{"categories":3522},[143],{"categories":3524},[143],{"categories":3526},[143],{"categories":3528},[146],{"categories":3530},[156],{"categories":3532},[191],{"categories":3534},[],{"categories":3536},[243],{"categories":3538},[],{"categories":3540},[110],{"categories":3542},[143],{"categories":3544},[110],{"categories":3546},[243],{"categories":3548},[110],{"categories":3550},[143],{"categories":3552},[],{"categories":3554},[143],{"categories":3556},[143],{"categories":3558},[],{"categories":3560},[143],{"categories":3562},[143],{"categories":3564},[272],{"categories":3566},[143],{"categories":3568},[143],{"categories":3570},[313],{"categories":3572},[110],{"categories":3574},[143],{"categories":3576},[],{"categories":3578},[156],{"categories":3580},[143],{"categories":3582},[146],{"categories":3584},[545],{"categories":3586},[143],{"categories":3588},[143],{"categories":3590},[156],{"categories":3592},[143],{"categories":3594},[156],{"categories":3596},[143],{"categories":3598},[143],{"categories":3600},[143],{"categories":3602},[143],{"categories":3604},[],{"categories":3606},[143],{"categories":3608},[146],{"categories":3610},[143],{"categories":3612},[151],{"categories":3614},[110],{"categories":3616},[243],{"categories":3618},[],{"categories":3620},[143],{"categories":3622},[],{"categories":3624},[156],{"categories":3626},[143],{"categories":3628},[],{"categories":3630},[156],{"categories":3632},[143],{"categories":3634},[110],{"categories":3636},[243],{"categories":3638},[191],{"categories":3640},[143],{"categories":3642},[191],{"categories":3644},[156],{"categories":3646},[243],{"categories":3648},[143],{"categories":3650},[],{"categories":3652},[143],{"categories":3654},[180],{"categories":3656},[156],{"categories":3658},[143],{"categories":3660},[243],{"categories":3662},[191],{"categories":3664},[151],{"categories":3666},[110],{"categories":3668},[143],{"categories":3670},[143],{"categories":3672},[143],{"categories":3674},[143],{"categories":3676},[191],{"categories":3678},[272],{"categories":3680},[],{"categories":3682},[],{"categories":3684},[194],{"categories":3686},[486],{"categories":3688},[143],{"categories":3690},[156],{"categories":3692},[143,110],{"categories":3694},[191],{"categories":3696},[143],{"categories":3698},[143],{"categories":3700},[143],{"categories":3702},[143],{"categories":3704},[143],{"categories":3706},[143],{"categories":3708},[143],{"categories":3710},[156],{"categories":3712},[143],{"categories":3714},[156],{"categories":3716},[143],{"categories":3718},[143],{"categories":3720},[143],{"categories":3722},[],{"categories":3724},[143],{"categories":3726},[1266],{"categories":3728},[110],{"categories":3730},[243],{"categories":3732},[143],{"categories":3734},[143],{"categories":3736},[143],{"categories":3738},[194],{"categories":3740},[156],{"categories":3742},[272],{"categories":3744},[313],{"categories":3746},[],{"categories":3748},[110],{"categories":3750},[143],{"categories":3752},[151],{"categories":3754},[156],{"categories":3756},[146],{"categories":3758},[156],{"categories":3760},[143],{"categories":3762},[156],{"categories":3764},[156],{"categories":3766},[159],{"categories":3768},[110],{"categories":3770},[143],{"categories":3772},[143],{"categories":3774},[],{"categories":3776},[],{"categories":3778},[],{"categories":3780},[313],{"categories":3782},[143],{"categories":3784},[191],{"categories":3786},[143],{"categories":3788},[143],{"categories":3790},[143],{"categories":3792},[143],{"categories":3794},[],{"categories":3796},[143],{"categories":3798},[194],{"categories":3800},[151],{"categories":3802},[156],{"categories":3804},[143],{"categories":3806},[],{"categories":3808},[143],{"categories":3810},[156],{"categories":3812},[143],{"categories":3814},[313],{"categories":3816},[],{"categories":3818},[243],{"categories":3820},[243],{"categories":3822},[143],{"categories":3824},[156],{"categories":3826},[],{"categories":3828},[110],{"categories":3830},[143],{"categories":3832},[243],{"categories":3834},[143],{"categories":3836},[151],{"categories":3838},[156],{"categories":3840},[143],{"categories":3842},[],{"categories":3844},[191],{"categories":3846},[143],{"categories":3848},[143],{"categories":3850},[143],{"categories":3852},[243],{"categories":3854},[156],{"categories":3856},[191],{"categories":3858},[],{"categories":3860},[156],{"categories":3862},[151],{"categories":3864},[156],{"categories":3866},[243],{"categories":3868},[143],{"categories":3870},[143],{"categories":3872},[143],{"categories":3874},[486],{"categories":3876},[143],{"categories":3878},[156],{"categories":3880},[],{"categories":3882},[143],{"categories":3884},[143],{"categories":3886},[313],{"categories":3888},[191],{"categories":3890},[194],{"categories":3892},[591],{"categories":3894},[194],{"categories":3896},[194],{"categories":3898},[143],{"categories":3900},[],{"categories":3902},[],{"categories":3904},[],{"categories":3906},[156],{"categories":3908},[143],{"categories":3910},[156],{"categories":3912},[156],{"categories":3914},[110],{"categories":3916},[143],{"categories":3918},[463],{"categories":3920},[110],{"categories":3922},[156],{"categories":3924},[143],{"categories":3926},[143],{"categories":3928},[143],{"categories":3930},[143],{"categories":3932},[143],{"categories":3934},[156],{"categories":3936},[143],{"categories":3938},[],{"categories":3940},[],{"categories":3942},[143],{"categories":3944},[],{"categories":3946},[143],{"categories":3948},[156],{"categories":3950},[243],{"categories":3952},[143],{"categories":3954},[143],{"categories":3956},[],{"categories":3958},[156],{"categories":3960},[143],{"categories":3962},[143],{"categories":3964},[159],{"categories":3966},[143],{"categories":3968},[243],{"categories":3970},[143],{"categories":3972},[156],{"categories":3974},[151],{"categories":3976},[143],{"categories":3978},[143],{"categories":3980},[272],{"categories":3982},[156],{"categories":3984},[143],{"categories":3986},[143],{"categories":3988},[903],{"categories":3990},[143],{"categories":3992},[156],{"categories":3994},[143],{"categories":3996},[110],{"categories":3998},[143],{"categories":4000},[545],{"categories":4002},[243],{"categories":4004},[],{"categories":4006},[143],{"categories":4008},[143],{"categories":4010},[191],{"categories":4012},[486],{"categories":4014},[156],{"categories":4016},[143],{"categories":4018},[],{"categories":4020},[191],{"categories":4022},[407],{"categories":4024},[156],{"categories":4026},[156],{"categories":4028},[156],{"categories":4030},[143],{"categories":4032},[143],{"categories":4034},[156],{"categories":4036},[],{"categories":4038},[151],{"categories":4040},[143],{"categories":4042},[151],{"categories":4044},[156],{"categories":4046},[],{"categories":4048},[110],{"categories":4050},[143],{"categories":4052},[143],{"categories":4054},[146],{"categories":4056},[143],{"categories":4058},[191],{"categories":4060},[313],{"categories":4062},[180],{"categories":4064},[156],{"categories":4066},[156],{"categories":4068},[143],{"categories":4070},[143],{"categories":4072},[156],{"categories":4074},[143],{"categories":4076},[146],{"categories":4078},[],{"categories":4080},[156],{"categories":4082},[143],{"categories":4084},[143],{"categories":4086},[143],{"categories":4088},[156],{"categories":4090},[143],{"categories":4092},[],{"categories":4094},[143],{"categories":4096},[],{"categories":4098},[243],{"categories":4100},[156],{"categories":4102},[143,151],{"categories":4104},[156],{"categories":4106},[143],{"categories":4108},[],{"categories":4110},[146],{"categories":4112},[194],{"categories":4114},[151],{"categories":4116},[143],{"categories":4118},[110],{"categories":4120},[143],{"categories":4122},[143],{"categories":4124},[156],{"categories":4126},[143],{"categories":4128},[143],{"categories":4130},[143],{"categories":4132},[191],{"categories":4134},[1266],{"categories":4136},[156],{"categories":4138},[143],{"categories":4140},[],{"categories":4142},[],{"categories":4144},[143],{"categories":4146},[156],{"categories":4148},[143],{"categories":4150},[143],{"categories":4152},[313],{"categories":4154},[],{"categories":4156},[143],{"categories":4158},[156],{"categories":4160},[180],{"categories":4162},[156],{"categories":4164},[486],{"categories":4166},[],{"categories":4168},[430],{"categories":4170},[156],{"categories":4172},[143],{"categories":4174},[143],{"categories":4176},[272],{"categories":4178},[156],{"categories":4180},[143],{"categories":4182},[194],{"categories":4184},[159],{"categories":4186},[156],{"categories":4188},[143],{"categories":4190},[486],{"categories":4192},[143],{"categories":4194},[313],{"categories":4196},[151],{"categories":4198},[],{"categories":4200},[143],{"categories":4202},[143],{"categories":4204},[272],{"categories":4206},[243],{"categories":4208},[143],{"categories":4210},[143],{"categories":4212},[143],{"categories":4214},[],{"categories":4216},[272],{"categories":4218},[191],{"categories":4220},[143],{"categories":4222},[143],{"categories":4224},[143],{"categories":4226},[591],{"categories":4228},[146],{"categories":4230},[143],{"categories":4232},[159],{"categories":4234},[143],{"categories":4236},[],{"categories":4238},[],{"categories":4240},[243],{"categories":4242},[143],{"categories":4244},[194],{"categories":4246},[272],{"categories":4248},[156],{"categories":4250},[143],{"categories":4252},[143],{"categories":4254},[272],{"categories":4256},[191],{"categories":4258},[143],{"categories":4260},[],{"categories":4262},[143],{"categories":4264},[143],{"categories":4266},[],{"categories":4268},[143],{"categories":4270},[143],{"categories":4272},[616],{"categories":4274},[143],{"categories":4276},[143],{"categories":4278},[156],{"categories":4280},[110],{"categories":4282},[486],{"categories":4284},[143],{"categories":4286},[143],{"categories":4288},[143],{"categories":4290},[],{"categories":4292},[143,110],{"categories":4294},[191],{"categories":4296},[156],{"categories":4298},[110],{"categories":4300},[156],{"categories":4302},[941],{"categories":4304},[110],{"categories":4306},[110],{"categories":4308},[156],{"categories":4310},[143],{"categories":4312},[146],{"categories":4314},[],{"categories":4316},[],{"categories":4318},[156],{"categories":4320},[143],{"categories":4322},[110],{"categories":4324},[143],{"categories":4326},[146],{"categories":4328},[110],{"categories":4330},[110],{"categories":4332},[143],{"categories":4334},[272],{"categories":4336},[143],{"categories":4338},[110],{"categories":4340},[143],{"categories":4342},[],{"categories":4344},[143],{"categories":4346},[143],{"categories":4348},[243,143],{"categories":4350},[313],{"categories":4352},[146],{"categories":4354},[143],{"categories":4356},[],{"categories":4358},[143],{"categories":4360},[143],{"categories":4362},[151],{"categories":4364},[143],{"categories":4366},[151],{"categories":4368},[143],{"categories":4370},[143],{"categories":4372},[407],{"categories":4374},[143],{"categories":4376},[151],{"categories":4378},[110],{"categories":4380},[194],{"categories":4382},[156],{"categories":4384},[143],{"categories":4386},[110],{"categories":4388},[143],{"categories":4390},[143],{"categories":4392},[191],{"categories":4394},[272],{"categories":4396},[243],{"categories":4398},[143],{"categories":4400},[143],{"categories":4402},[143],{"categories":4404},[143],{"categories":4406},[146],{"categories":4408},[143],{"categories":4410},[156],{"categories":4412},[156],{"categories":4414},[110],{"categories":4416},[191],{"categories":4418},[110],{"categories":4420},[110],{"categories":4422},[143],{"categories":4424},[143],{"categories":4426},[],{"categories":4428},[],{"categories":4430},[194],{"categories":4432},[143],{"categories":4434},[110],{"categories":4436},[143],{"categories":4438},[243],{"categories":4440},[486],{"categories":4442},[430],{"categories":4444},[407],{"categories":4446},[143],{"categories":4448},[143],{"categories":4450},[143],{"categories":4452},[194],{"categories":4454},[143],{"categories":4456},[143],{"categories":4458},[143],{"categories":4460},[143],{"categories":4462},[143],{"categories":4464},[143],{"categories":4466},[143],{"categories":4468},[156],{"categories":4470},[146],{"categories":4472},[156],{"categories":4474},[143,151],{"categories":4476},[],{"categories":4478},[243],{"categories":4480},[],{"categories":4482},[159],{"categories":4484},[143],{"categories":4486},[191],{"categories":4488},[146],{"categories":4490},[143],{"categories":4492},[146],{"categories":4494},[156],{"categories":4496},[194],{"categories":4498},[156],{"categories":4500},[159],{"categories":4502},[156],{"categories":4504},[143],{"categories":4506},[143],{"categories":4508},[151],{"categories":4510},[156],{"categories":4512},[110],{"categories":4514},[272],{"categories":4516},[143],{"categories":4518},[143],{"categories":4520},[],{"categories":4522},[191],{"categories":4524},[143],{"categories":4526},[143],{"categories":4528},[143],{"categories":4530},[143],{"categories":4532},[143],{"categories":4534},[143],{"categories":4536},[110],{"categories":4538},[191],{"categories":4540},[110],{"categories":4542},[110],{"categories":4544},[143],{"categories":4546},[143],{"categories":4548},[143],{"categories":4550},[143],{"categories":4552},[430],{"categories":4554},[143],{"categories":4556},[156],{"categories":4558},[191],{"categories":4560},[143],{"categories":4562},[143],{"categories":4564},[143],{"categories":4566},[156],{"categories":4568},[143],{"categories":4570},[143],{"categories":4572},[143],{"categories":4574},[3165],{"categories":4576},[4577],"Clinical AI",{"categories":4579},[243],{"categories":4581},[143],{"categories":4583},[143],{"categories":4585},[143],{"categories":4587},[143],{"categories":4589},[313],{"categories":4591},[2524],{"categories":4593},[143],{"categories":4595},[159],{"categories":4597},[243],{"categories":4599},[143],{"categories":4601},[156],{"categories":4603},[143],{"categories":4605},[143],{"categories":4607},[191],{"categories":4609},[143],{"categories":4611},[156],{"categories":4613},[110],{"categories":4615},[272],{"categories":4617},[143],{"categories":4619},[143],{"categories":4621},[151],{"categories":4623},[143],{"categories":4625},[143],{"categories":4627},[545],{"categories":4629},[143],{"categories":4631},[],{"categories":4633},[156],{"categories":4635},[143],{"categories":4637},[110],{"categories":4639},[146],{"categories":4641},[143],{"categories":4643},[],{"categories":4645},[],{"categories":4647},[143],{"categories":4649},[],{"categories":4651},[151],{"categories":4653},[143],{"categories":4655},[143],{"categories":4657},[156],{"categories":4659},[143],{"categories":4661},[191],{"categories":4663},[191],{"categories":4665},[191],{"categories":4667},[191],{"categories":4669},[],{"categories":4671},[146],{"categories":4673},[156],{"categories":4675},[191],{"categories":4677},[143],{"categories":4679},[616],{"categories":4681},[159],{"categories":4683},[156],{"categories":4685},[143],{"categories":4687},[146],{"categories":4689},[143],{"categories":4691},[156],{"categories":4693},[143],{"categories":4695},[143],{"categories":4697},[143],{"categories":4699},[143,156],{"categories":4701},[156],{"categories":4703},[313],{"categories":4705},[191],{"categories":4707},[156],{"categories":4709},[191],{"categories":4711},[156],{"categories":4713},[143],{"categories":4715},[],{"categories":4717},[191],{"categories":4719},[272],{"categories":4721},[146],{"categories":4723},[143],{"categories":4725},[143],{"categories":4727},[],{"categories":4729},[110],{"categories":4731},[],{"categories":4733},[146],{"categories":4735},[156],{"categories":4737},[191],{"categories":4739},[143],{"categories":4741},[191],{"categories":4743},[146],{"categories":4745},[191],{"categories":4747},[191],{"categories":4749},[],{"categories":4751},[151],{"categories":4753},[156],{"categories":4755},[191],{"categories":4757},[191],{"categories":4759},[191],{"categories":4761},[191],{"categories":4763},[191],{"categories":4765},[191],{"categories":4767},[191],{"categories":4769},[191],{"categories":4771},[191],{"categories":4773},[191],{"categories":4775},[194],{"categories":4777},[146],{"categories":4779},[143],{"categories":4781},[143],{"categories":4783},[156],{"categories":4785},[156],{"categories":4787},[],{"categories":4789},[143],{"categories":4791},[143,146],{"categories":4793},[],{"categories":4795},[156],{"categories":4797},[143],{"categories":4799},[191],{"categories":4801},[156],{"categories":4803},[941],{"categories":4805},[143],{"categories":4807},[143],{"categories":4809},[143],{"categories":4811},[143],{"categories":4813},[143],{"categories":4815},[407],{"categories":4817},[143],{"categories":4819},[143],{"categories":4821},[156],{"categories":4823},[143],{"categories":4825},[143],{"categories":4827},[151],{"categories":4829},[159],{"categories":4831},[156],{"categories":4833},[156],{"categories":4835},[],{"categories":4837},[156],{"categories":4839},[243],{"categories":4841},[191],{"categories":4843},[143],{"categories":4845},[],{"categories":4847},[159],{"categories":4849},[],{"categories":4851},[110],{"categories":4853},[143],{"categories":4855},[156],{"categories":4857},[243],{"categories":4859},[143],{"categories":4861},[],{"categories":4863},[143],{"categories":4865},[143],{"categories":4867},[],{"categories":4869},[272],{"categories":4871},[143],{"categories":4873},[156],{"categories":4875},[],{"categories":4877},[],{"categories":4879},[191],{"categories":4881},[146],{"categories":4883},[143],{"categories":4885},[143],{"categories":4887},[151],{"categories":4889},[143],{"categories":4891},[143],{"categories":4893},[156],{"categories":4895},[143],{"categories":4897},[151],{"categories":4899},[151],{"categories":4901},[243],{"categories":4903},[],{"categories":4905},[143],{"categories":4907},[191],{"categories":4909},[],{"categories":4911},[143],{"categories":4913},[143],{"categories":4915},[243],{"categories":4917},[143],{"categories":4919},[143],{"categories":4921},[272],{"categories":4923},[143],{"categories":4925},[313],{"categories":4927},[],{"categories":4929},[156],{"categories":4931},[143],{"categories":4933},[272],{"categories":4935},[110],{"categories":4937},[],{"categories":4939},[143],{"categories":4941},[],{"categories":4943},[156],{"categories":4945},[243],{"categories":4947},[110],{"categories":4949},[],{"categories":4951},[3165],{"categories":4953},[151],{"categories":4955},[146],{"categories":4957},[143],{"categories":4959},[194],{"categories":4961},[156],{"categories":4963},[243],{"categories":4965},[143],{"categories":4967},[110],{"categories":4969},[],{"categories":4971},[],{"categories":4973},[143],{"categories":4975},[146],{"categories":4977},[143],{"categories":4979},[272],{"categories":4981},[],{"categories":4983},[156],{"categories":4985},[156],{"categories":4987},[143],{"categories":4989},[156],{"categories":4991},[143],{"categories":4993},[191],{"categories":4995},[110],{"categories":4997},[143],{"categories":4999},[156],{"categories":5001},[159],{"categories":5003},[143],{"categories":5005},[143],{"categories":5007},[143],{"categories":5009},[156],{"categories":5011},[143],{"categories":5013},[159],{"categories":5015},[272],{"categories":5017},[191],{"categories":5019},[],{"categories":5021},[272],{"categories":5023},[143],{"categories":5025},[],{"categories":5027},[110],{"categories":5029},[156],{"categories":5031},[],{"categories":5033},[143],{"categories":5035},[143],{"categories":5037},[143],{"categories":5039},[143],{"categories":5041},[143],{"categories":5043},[156],{"categories":5045},[151],{"categories":5047},[146],{"categories":5049},[156],{"categories":5051},[143],{"categories":5053},[243],{"categories":5055},[110],{"categories":5057},[110],{"categories":5059},[143],{"categories":5061},[194],{"categories":5063},[156],{"categories":5065},[143],{"categories":5067},[143],{"categories":5069},[156],{"categories":5071},[143],{"categories":5073},[143],{"categories":5075},[156],{"categories":5077},[151],{"categories":5079},[143],{"categories":5081},[243],{"categories":5083},[110],{"categories":5085},[156],{"categories":5087},[143],{"categories":5089},[159],{"categories":5091},[143],{"categories":5093},[156],{"categories":5095},[143],{"categories":5097},[143],{"categories":5099},[191],{"categories":5101},[143],{"categories":5103},[],{"categories":5105},[146],{"categories":5107},[143],{"categories":5109},[143],{"categories":5111},[143],{"categories":5113},[110],{"categories":5115},[110],{"categories":5117},[143],{"categories":5119},[110],{"categories":5121},[143],{"categories":5123},[156],{"categories":5125},[143],{"categories":5127},[143],{"categories":5129},[143],{"categories":5131},[143],{"categories":5133},[143],{"categories":5135},[],{"categories":5137},[143],{"categories":5139},[243],{"categories":5141},[156],{"categories":5143},[151],{"categories":5145},[191],{"categories":5147},[143],{"categories":5149},[156],{"categories":5151},[143],{"categories":5153},[156],{"categories":5155},[143],{"categories":5157},[143],{"categories":5159},[243],{"categories":5161},[156],{"categories":5163},[143],{"categories":5165},[272],{"categories":5167},[143],{"categories":5169},[194],{"categories":5171},[143],{"categories":5173},[143],{"categories":5175},[191],{"categories":5177},[143],{"categories":5179},[143],{"categories":5181},[143],{"categories":5183},[143],{"categories":5185},[156],{"categories":5187},[313],{"categories":5189},[143],{"categories":5191},[110],{"categories":5193},[156],{"categories":5195},[194],{"categories":5197},[],{"categories":5199},[156],{"categories":5201},[110],{"categories":5203},[143],{"categories":5205},[143],{"categories":5207},[2362],{"categories":5209},[243],{"categories":5211},[342],{"categories":5213},[143],{"categories":5215},[143],{"categories":5217},[143],{"categories":5219},[143],{"categories":5221},[146],{"categories":5223},[143],{"categories":5225},[143],{"categories":5227},[110],{"categories":5229},[151],{"categories":5231},[143],{"categories":5233},[110],{"categories":5235},[143],{"categories":5237},[],{"categories":5239},[156],{"categories":5241},[156],{"categories":5243},[143],{"categories":5245},[143],{"categories":5247},[143],{"categories":5249},[194],{"categories":5251},[],{"categories":5253},[191],{"categories":5255},[],{"categories":5257},[191],{"categories":5259},[143],{"categories":5261},[143],{"categories":5263},[156],{"categories":5265},[143],{"categories":5267},[156],{"categories":5269},[156],{"categories":5271},[],{"categories":5273},[143],{"categories":5275},[191],{"categories":5277},[143],{"categories":5279},[],{"categories":5281},[143],{"categories":5283},[143],{"categories":5285},[],{"categories":5287},[143],{"categories":5289},[143],{"categories":5291},[243],{"categories":5293},[110],{"categories":5295},[156],{"categories":5297},[143],{"categories":5299},[143],{"categories":5301},[143],{"categories":5303},[143],{"categories":5305},[272],{"categories":5307},[143],{"categories":5309},[143],{"categories":5311},[143],{"categories":5313},[146],{"categories":5315},[143],{"categories":5317},[143],{"categories":5319},[],{"categories":5321},[143],{"categories":5323},[143],{"categories":5325},[143],{"categories":5327},[],{"categories":5329},[146],{"categories":5331},[143],{"categories":5333},[143],{"categories":5335},[191],{"categories":5337},[110],{"categories":5339},[159],{"categories":5341},[156],{"categories":5343},[486],{"categories":5345},[143],{"categories":5347},[143],{"categories":5349},[143],{"categories":5351},[110],{"categories":5353},[191],{"categories":5355},[243],{"categories":5357},[143],{"categories":5359},[143],{"categories":5361},[143],{"categories":5363},[143],{"categories":5365},[191],{"categories":5367},[143],{"categories":5369},[243],{"categories":5371},[143],{"categories":5373},[143],{"categories":5375},[191],{"categories":5377},[243],{"categories":5379},[143],{"categories":5381},[191],{"categories":5383},[143],{"categories":5385},[156],{"categories":5387},[156],{"categories":5389},[156],{"categories":5391},[110],{"categories":5393},[191],{"categories":5395},[156],{"categories":5397},[156],{"categories":5399},[143],{"categories":5401},[110],{"categories":5403},[243],{"categories":5405},[143],{"categories":5407},[143],{"categories":5409},[156],{"categories":5411},[143],{"categories":5413},[],{"categories":5415},[156],{"categories":5417},[],{"categories":5419},[143],{"categories":5421},[143],{"categories":5423},[],{"categories":5425},[],{"categories":5427},[156],{"categories":5429},[151],{"categories":5431},[156],{"categories":5433},[5434],"Liability & Ethics",{"categories":5436},[143],{"categories":5438},[143],{"categories":5440},[143],{"categories":5442},[156],{"categories":5444},[146],{"categories":5446},[156],{"categories":5448},[151],{"categories":5450},[272],{"categories":5452},[156],{"categories":5454},[143],{"categories":5456},[143],{"categories":5458},[],{"categories":5460},[591],{"categories":5462},[156],{"categories":5464},[],{"categories":5466},[143],{"categories":5468},[146],{"categories":5470},[156],{"categories":5472},[],{"categories":5474},[156],{"categories":5476},[143],{"categories":5478},[143],{"categories":5480},[110],{"categories":5482},[143],{"categories":5484},[191],{"categories":5486},[143],{"categories":5488},[143],{"categories":5490},[159],{"categories":5492},[156],{"categories":5494},[143],{"categories":5496},[143],{"categories":5498},[143],{"categories":5500},[191],{"categories":5502},[156],{"categories":5504},[110],{"categories":5506},[243],{"categories":5508},[146],{"categories":5510},[143],{"categories":5512},[143],{"categories":5514},[143],{"categories":5516},[],{"categories":5518},[156],{"categories":5520},[156],{"categories":5522},[156],{"categories":5524},[486],{"categories":5526},[243],{"categories":5528},[156],{"categories":5530},[313],{"categories":5532},[110],{"categories":5534},[191],{"categories":5536},[143],{"categories":5538},[243],{"categories":5540},[143],{"categories":5542},[146],{"categories":5544},[],{"categories":5546},[156],{"categories":5548},[143],{"categories":5550},[143],{"categories":5552},[143],{"categories":5554},[143],{"categories":5556},[156],{"categories":5558},[143],{"categories":5560},[143],{"categories":5562},[243],{"categories":5564},[],{"categories":5566},[156],{"categories":5568},[159],{"categories":5570},[191],{"categories":5572},[156],{"categories":5574},[151],{"categories":5576},[],{"categories":5578},[143],{"categories":5580},[143],{"categories":5582},[159],{"categories":5584},[143],{"categories":5586},[156],{"categories":5588},[191],{"categories":5590},[146],{"categories":5592},[313],{"categories":5594},[143],{"categories":5596},[143],{"categories":5598},[143],{"categories":5600},[191],{"categories":5602},[151],{"categories":5604},[143],{"categories":5606},[243],{"categories":5608},[191],{"categories":5610},[313],{"categories":5612},[143],{"categories":5614},[156],{"categories":5616},[],{"categories":5618},[545],{"categories":5620},[],{"categories":5622},[143],{"categories":5624},[313],{"categories":5626},[143],{"categories":5628},[194],{"categories":5630},[143],{"categories":5632},[156],{"categories":5634},[156],{"categories":5636},[5637],"Design News & Tools",{"categories":5639},[143],{"categories":5641},[143],{"categories":5643},[191],{"categories":5645},[143],{"categories":5647},[143],{"categories":5649},[146],{"categories":5651},[156],{"categories":5653},[143],{"categories":5655},[243],{"categories":5657},[156],{"categories":5659},[156],{"categories":5661},[243],{"categories":5663},[143],{"categories":5665},[143],{"categories":5667},[486],{"categories":5669},[156],{"categories":5671},[143],{"categories":5673},[143],{"categories":5675},[486],{"categories":5677},[143],{"categories":5679},[272],{"categories":5681},[143],{"categories":5683},[156],{"categories":5685},[],{"categories":5687},[143],{"categories":5689},[143],{"categories":5691},[143],{"categories":5693},[191],{"categories":5695},[143],{"categories":5697},[146],{"categories":5699},[],{"categories":5701},[143],{"categories":5703},[143],{"categories":5705},[143],{"categories":5707},[110],{"categories":5709},[616],{"categories":5711},[110],{"categories":5713},[243],{"categories":5715},[143],{"categories":5717},[143,156],{"categories":5719},[272,151],{"categories":5721},[110],{"categories":5723},[143],{"categories":5725},[143],{"categories":5727},[143],{"categories":5729},[143],{"categories":5731},[],{"categories":5733},[156],{"categories":5735},[143],{"categories":5737},[],{"categories":5739},[143],{"categories":5741},[110],{"categories":5743},[143],{"categories":5745},[110],{"categories":5747},[],{"categories":5749},[156],{"categories":5751},[143],{"categories":5753},[151],{"categories":5755},[143],{"categories":5757},[191],{"categories":5759},[143],{"categories":5761},[],{"categories":5763},[156],{"categories":5765},[143],{"categories":5767},[],{"categories":5769},[243],{"categories":5771},[143],{"categories":5773},[143],{"categories":5775},[156],{"categories":5777},[143],{"categories":5779},[143],{"categories":5781},[146],{"categories":5783},[156],{"categories":5785},[143],{"categories":5787},[],{"categories":5789},[143],{"categories":5791},[313],{"categories":5793},[272],{"categories":5795},[151],{"categories":5797},[151],{"categories":5799},[143],{"categories":5801},[146],{"categories":5803},[146],{"categories":5805},[143],{"categories":5807},[156],{"categories":5809},[143],{"categories":5811},[143],{"categories":5813},[143],{"categories":5815},[143],{"categories":5817},[110],{"categories":5819},[143],{"categories":5821},[146],{"categories":5823},[143],{"categories":5825},[143],{"categories":5827},[156],{"categories":5829},[143],{"categories":5831},[272],{"categories":5833},[143],{"categories":5835},[191],{"categories":5837},[143],{"categories":5839},[143],{"categories":5841},[156],{"categories":5843},[159],{"categories":5845},[143],{"categories":5847},[143],{"categories":5849},[156],{"categories":5851},[],{"categories":5853},[110],{"categories":5855},[],{"categories":5857},[110],{"categories":5859},[156],{"categories":5861},[146],{"categories":5863},[143],{"categories":5865},[],{"categories":5867},[194],{"categories":5869},[313],{"categories":5871},[143],{"categories":5873},[110],{"categories":5875},[143],{"categories":5877},[],{"categories":5879},[191],{"categories":5881},[156],{"categories":5883},[110],{"categories":5885},[243],{"categories":5887},[151],{"categories":5889},[143],{"categories":5891},[143],{"categories":5893},[156],{"categories":5895},[110],{"categories":5897},[156],{"categories":5899},[191],{"categories":5901},[143],{"categories":5903},[159],{"categories":5905},[146],{"categories":5907},[159],{"categories":5909},[191],{"categories":5911},[143],{"categories":5913},[110],{"categories":5915},[143],{"categories":5917},[243],{"categories":5919},[151],{"categories":5921},[143],{"categories":5923},[143],{"categories":5925},[143],{"categories":5927},[143],{"categories":5929},[143],{"categories":5931},[143],{"categories":5933},[156],{"categories":5935},[143],{"categories":5937},[156],{"categories":5939},[143],{"categories":5941},[143],{"categories":5943},[146],{"categories":5945},[143],{"categories":5947},[156],{"categories":5949},[156],{"categories":5951},[243],{"categories":5953},[156],{"categories":5955},[156],{"categories":5957},[143],{"categories":5959},[146],{"categories":5961},[156],{"categories":5963},[243],{"categories":5965},[],{"categories":5967},[143],{"categories":5969},[194],{"categories":5971},[486],{"categories":5973},[143],{"categories":5975},[156],{"categories":5977},[143],{"categories":5979},[143],{"categories":5981},[110],{"categories":5983},[143],{"categories":5985},[],{"categories":5987},[143],{"categories":5989},[156],{"categories":5991},[143],{"categories":5993},[272],{"categories":5995},[143],{"categories":5997},[110],{"categories":5999},[143],{"categories":6001},[191],{"categories":6003},[156],{"categories":6005},[143],{"categories":6007},[272],{"categories":6009},[156],{"categories":6011},[151],{"categories":6013},[151],{"categories":6015},[143],{"categories":6017},[143],{"categories":6019},[143],{"categories":6021},[143],{"categories":6023},[143],{"categories":6025},[143],{"categories":6027},[146],{"categories":6029},[],{"categories":6031},[143],{"categories":6033},[143],{"categories":6035},[156],{"categories":6037},[156],{"categories":6039},[143],{"categories":6041},[143],{"categories":6043},[143],{"categories":6045},[143],{"categories":6047},[143],{"categories":6049},[110],{"categories":6051},[],{"categories":6053},[146],{"categories":6055},[143],{"categories":6057},[143],{"categories":6059},[156],{"categories":6061},[156],{"categories":6063},[],{"categories":6065},[110],{"categories":6067},[110],{"categories":6069},[143],{"categories":6071},[272],{"categories":6073},[151],{"categories":6075},[243],{"categories":6077},[],{"categories":6079},[143],{"categories":6081},[156],{"categories":6083},[146],{"categories":6085},[143],{"categories":6087},[143],{"categories":6089},[110],{"categories":6091},[146],{"categories":6093},[143],{"categories":6095},[143],{"categories":6097},[191],{"categories":6099},[194],{"categories":6101},[143],{"categories":6103},[191],{"categories":6105},[156],{"categories":6107},[143],{"categories":6109},[],{"categories":6111},[191],{"categories":6113},[156],{"categories":6115},[243],{"categories":6117},[194],{"categories":6119},[143],{"categories":6121},[143],{"categories":6123},[],{"categories":6125},[156],{"categories":6127},[156],{"categories":6129},[156],{"categories":6131},[3165],{"categories":6133},[191],{"categories":6135},[143],{"categories":6137},[110],{"categories":6139},[143],{"categories":6141},[143],{"categories":6143},[143],{"categories":6145},[143],{"categories":6147},[143],{"categories":6149},[151],{"categories":6151},[143],{"categories":6153},[146],{"categories":6155},[1828],{"categories":6157},[313],{"categories":6159},[146],{"categories":6161},[],{"categories":6163},[143],{"categories":6165},[],{"categories":6167},[191],{"categories":6169},[156],{"categories":6171},[243],{"categories":6173},[143],{"categories":6175},[143],{"categories":6177},[143],{"categories":6179},[191],{"categories":6181},[],{"categories":6183},[156],{"categories":6185},[143],{"categories":6187},[156],{"categories":6189},[156],{"categories":6191},[],{"categories":6193},[143],{"categories":6195},[],{"categories":6197},[191],{"categories":6199},[146],{"categories":6201},[243],{"categories":6203},[143],{"categories":6205},[156],{"categories":6207},[191],{"categories":6209},[143],{"categories":6211},[191],{"categories":6213},[],{"categories":6215},[191],{"categories":6217},[143],{"categories":6219},[146],{"categories":6221},[486],{"categories":6223},[156],{"categories":6225},[143],{"categories":6227},[],{"categories":6229},[110],{"categories":6231},[156],{"categories":6233},[159],{"categories":6235},[156],{"categories":6237},[146],{"categories":6239},[143],{"categories":6241},[143],{"categories":6243},[],{"categories":6245},[],{"categories":6247},[],{"categories":6249},[243],{"categories":6251},[143],{"categories":6253},[156],{"categories":6255},[143],{"categories":6257},[143],{"categories":6259},[],{"categories":6261},[],{"categories":6263},[],{"categories":6265},[143],{"categories":6267},[156],{"categories":6269},[243],{"categories":6271},[143],{"categories":6273},[],{"categories":6275},[156],{"categories":6277},[143],{"categories":6279},[143],{"categories":6281},[146],{"categories":6283},[],{"categories":6285},[],{"categories":6287},[143],{"categories":6289},[143],{"categories":6291},[156],{"categories":6293},[243],{"categories":6295},[143],{"categories":6297},[191],{"categories":6299},[],{"categories":6301},[143],{"categories":6303},[143],{"categories":6305},[272],{"categories":6307},[191],{"categories":6309},[272],{"categories":6311},[194],{"categories":6313},[143],{"categories":6315},[143],{"categories":6317},[],{"categories":6319},[],{"categories":6321},[156],{"categories":6323},[],{"categories":6325},[143],{"categories":6327},[486],{"categories":6329},[143],{"categories":6331},[143],{"categories":6333},[143],{"categories":6335},[143],{"categories":6337},[],{"categories":6339},[156],{"categories":6341},[143],{"categories":6343},[143],{"categories":6345},[],{"categories":6347},[156],{"categories":6349},[143],{"categories":6351},[191],{"categories":6353},[143],{"categories":6355},[272],{"categories":6357},[151],{"categories":6359},[159],{"categories":6361},[143],{"categories":6363},[143],{"categories":6365},[156],{"categories":6367},[194],{"categories":6369},[156],{"categories":6371},[156],{"categories":6373},[],{"categories":6375},[143],{"categories":6377},[156],{"categories":6379},[],{"categories":6381},[143],{"categories":6383},[],{"categories":6385},[191],{"categories":6387},[151],{"categories":6389},[],{"categories":6391},[143],{"categories":6393},[143],{"categories":6395},[143],{"categories":6397},[],{"categories":6399},[156],{"categories":6401},[243],{"categories":6403},[146],{"categories":6405},[143],{"categories":6407},[],{"categories":6409},[151],{"categories":6411},[272],{"categories":6413},[143],{"categories":6415},[110],{"categories":6417},[146],{"categories":6419},[194],{"categories":6421},[151],{"categories":6423},[110],{"categories":6425},[156],{"categories":6427},[110],{"categories":6429},[],{"categories":6431},[143],{"categories":6433},[159],{"categories":6435},[143],{"categories":6437},[],{"categories":6439},[156],{"categories":6441},[146],{"categories":6443},[243],{"categories":6445},[143],{"categories":6447},[146],{"categories":6449},[156],{"categories":6451},[313],{"categories":6453},[143],{"categories":6455},[143],{"categories":6457},[143],{"categories":6459},[143],{"categories":6461},[143],{"categories":6463},[146],{"categories":6465},[143],{"categories":6467},[110],{"categories":6469},[194],{"categories":6471},[156],{"categories":6473},[],{"categories":6475},[143],{"categories":6477},[143],{"categories":6479},[143],{"categories":6481},[110],{"categories":6483},[156],{"categories":6485},[191],{"categories":6487},[110],{"categories":6489},[143],{"categories":6491},[159],{"categories":6493},[],{"categories":6495},[243],{"categories":6497},[110],{"categories":6499},[191],{"categories":6501},[143],{"categories":6503},[146],{"categories":6505},[156],{"categories":6507},[143],{"categories":6509},[143],{"categories":6511},[156],{"categories":6513},[159],{"categories":6515},[143],{"categories":6517},[156],{"categories":6519},[143],{"categories":6521},[151],{"categories":6523},[156],{"categories":6525},[156,313],{"categories":6527},[143],{"categories":6529},[143],{"categories":6531},[156],{"categories":6533},[110],{"categories":6535},[143],{"categories":6537},[143],{"categories":6539},[194],{"categories":6541},[156],{"categories":6543},[272],{"categories":6545},[156],{"categories":6547},[151],{"categories":6549},[],{"categories":6551},[156],{"categories":6553},[143],{"categories":6555},[151],{"categories":6557},[],{"categories":6559},[],{"categories":6561},[110],{"categories":6563},[143],{"categories":6565},[143],{"categories":6567},[156],{"categories":6569},[194],{"categories":6571},[272],{"categories":6573},[143],{"categories":6575},[143],{"categories":6577},[143],{"categories":6579},[156],{"categories":6581},[],{"categories":6583},[156],{"categories":6585},[191],{"categories":6587},[143],{"categories":6589},[156],{"categories":6591},[156],{"categories":6593},[143],{"categories":6595},[],{"categories":6597},[191],{"categories":6599},[110],{"categories":6601},[3165],{"categories":6603},[146],{"categories":6605},[110],{"categories":6607},[143],{"categories":6609},[156],{"categories":6611},[143],{"categories":6613},[143],{"categories":6615},[272],{"categories":6617},[110],{"categories":6619},[194],{"categories":6621},[],{"categories":6623},[191],{"categories":6625},[143],{"categories":6627},[143],{"categories":6629},[],{"categories":6631},[156],{"categories":6633},[143],{"categories":6635},[143],{"categories":6637},[143],{"categories":6639},[143],{"categories":6641},[156],{"categories":6643},[143],{"categories":6645},[143],{"categories":6647},[143],{"categories":6649},[159],{"categories":6651},[143],{"categories":6653},[156],{"categories":6655},[143],{"categories":6657},[143],{"categories":6659},[143],{"categories":6661},[143],{"categories":6663},[143],{"categories":6665},[143],{"categories":6667},[143],{"categories":6669},[151],{"categories":6671},[],{"categories":6673},[159],{"categories":6675},[191],{"categories":6677},[156],{"categories":6679},[143],{"categories":6681},[110],{"categories":6683},[],{"categories":6685},[110],{"categories":6687},[110],{"categories":6689},[156],{"categories":6691},[110],{"categories":6693},[143],{"categories":6695},[143],{"categories":6697},[143],{"categories":6699},[156],{"categories":6701},[110],{"categories":6703},[143],{"categories":6705},[143],{"categories":6707},[143],{"categories":6709},[156],{"categories":6711},[191],{"categories":6713},[143],{"categories":6715},[143],{"categories":6717},[143],{"categories":6719},[151],{"categories":6721},[143],{"categories":6723},[156],{"categories":6725},[243],{"categories":6727},[],{"categories":6729},[143],{"categories":6731},[194],{"categories":6733},[156],{"categories":6735},[143],{"categories":6737},[143],{"categories":6739},[],{"categories":6741},[143],{"categories":6743},[143],{"categories":6745},[191],{"categories":6747},[143],{"categories":6749},[143],{"categories":6751},[156],{"categories":6753},[272],{"categories":6755},[],{"categories":6757},[],{"categories":6759},[110],{"categories":6761},[143],{"categories":6763},[143],{"categories":6765},[191],{"categories":6767},[143],{"categories":6769},[110],{"categories":6771},[191],{"categories":6773},[143],{"categories":6775},[143],{"categories":6777},[272],{"categories":6779},[194],{"categories":6781},[143],{"categories":6783},[143],{"categories":6785},[146],{"categories":6787},[156],{"categories":6789},[143],{"categories":6791},[143],{"categories":6793},[156],{"categories":6795},[151],{"categories":6797},[156],{"categories":6799},[110],{"categories":6801},[143],{"categories":6803},[151],{"categories":6805},[],{"categories":6807},[143],{"categories":6809},[194],{"categories":6811},[143],{"categories":6813},[143],{"categories":6815},[],{"categories":6817},[191],{"categories":6819},[143],{"categories":6821},[156],{"categories":6823},[194],{"categories":6825},[143],{"categories":6827},[110],{"categories":6829},[110],{"categories":6831},[110],{"categories":6833},[143],{"categories":6835},[156],{"categories":6837},[156],{"categories":6839},[143],{"categories":6841},[156],{"categories":6843},[143],{"categories":6845},[143],{"categories":6847},[243],{"categories":6849},[194],{"categories":6851},[194],{"categories":6853},[],{"categories":6855},[191],{"categories":6857},[143],{"categories":6859},[143],{"categories":6861},[110],{"categories":6863},[],{"categories":6865},[191],{"categories":6867},[191],{"categories":6869},[191],{"categories":6871},[],{"categories":6873},[156],{"categories":6875},[143],{"categories":6877},[],{"categories":6879},[146],{"categories":6881},[151],{"categories":6883},[],{"categories":6885},[143],{"categories":6887},[143],{"categories":6889},[],{"categories":6891},[110],{"categories":6893},[],{"categories":6895},[],{"categories":6897},[],{"categories":6899},[],{"categories":6901},[143],{"categories":6903},[191],{"categories":6905},[],{"categories":6907},[],{"categories":6909},[143],{"categories":6911},[143],{"categories":6913},[143],{"categories":6915},[194],{"categories":6917},[143],{"categories":6919},[194],{"categories":6921},[],{"categories":6923},[194],{"categories":6925},[194],{"categories":6927},[313],{"categories":6929},[156],{"categories":6931},[110],{"categories":6933},[],{"categories":6935},[],{"categories":6937},[194],{"categories":6939},[110],{"categories":6941},[110],{"categories":6943},[110],{"categories":6945},[],{"categories":6947},[146],{"categories":6949},[110],{"categories":6951},[110],{"categories":6953},[146],{"categories":6955},[110],{"categories":6957},[151],{"categories":6959},[110],{"categories":6961},[110],{"categories":6963},[110],{"categories":6965},[194],{"categories":6967},[191],{"categories":6969},[191],{"categories":6971},[143],{"categories":6973},[110],{"categories":6975},[194],{"categories":6977},[313],{"categories":6979},[194],{"categories":6981},[194],{"categories":6983},[194],{"categories":6985},[],{"categories":6987},[151],{"categories":6989},[],{"categories":6991},[313],{"categories":6993},[110],{"categories":6995},[110],{"categories":6997},[110],{"categories":6999},[156],{"categories":7001},[191,151],{"categories":7003},[194],{"categories":7005},[],{"categories":7007},[],{"categories":7009},[194],{"categories":7011},[],{"categories":7013},[194],{"categories":7015},[191],{"categories":7017},[156],{"categories":7019},[],{"categories":7021},[110],{"categories":7023},[143],{"categories":7025},[243],{"categories":7027},[],{"categories":7029},[143],{"categories":7031},[],{"categories":7033},[191],{"categories":7035},[146],{"categories":7037},[194],{"categories":7039},[],{"categories":7041},[110],{"categories":7043},[191],[7045,7138,7229,7328],{"id":7046,"title":7047,"ai":7048,"body":7053,"categories":7113,"created_at":111,"date_modified":111,"description":104,"extension":112,"faq":111,"featured":113,"kicker_label":111,"meta":7114,"navigation":121,"path":7124,"published_at":7125,"question":111,"scraped_at":7126,"seo":7127,"sitemap":7128,"source_id":7129,"source_name":128,"source_type":129,"source_url":7130,"stem":7131,"tags":7132,"thumbnail_url":111,"tldr":7135,"tweet":111,"unknown_tags":7136,"__hash__":7137},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F7869e81c1972b845-defining-the-coordination-boundary-in-distributed-summary.md","Defining the Coordination Boundary in Distributed Systems",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":7049,"output_tokens":7050,"processing_time_ms":7051,"cost_usd":7052},5567,586,3605,0.00227075,{"type":14,"value":7054,"toc":7108},[7055,7059,7062,7065,7069,7072,7087,7090,7094,7097],[17,7056,7058],{"id":7057},"the-coordination-boundary","The Coordination Boundary",[22,7060,7061],{},"Coordination primitives (like lease stores) provide specific, limited guarantees: they prevent concurrent access via fencing counters and manage state handoff. However, these guarantees do not extend to external systems. A worker that is fenced out of the lease store may have already triggered external side effects (e.g., API calls, webhooks, or database mutations).",[22,7063,7064],{},"Attempting to solve these external side effects within a coordination library is a design error. Libraries that try to own recovery logic or external state management become too opinionated and brittle. Instead, the library should draw a hard line at the lease store, leaving the application to handle idempotency and outbox patterns based on its specific business requirements.",[17,7066,7068],{"id":7067},"managing-the-at-least-once-window","Managing the At-Least-Once Window",[22,7070,7071],{},"Distributed systems using lease handoffs inherently operate with an \"at-least-once\" execution window. This is not a bug, but a trade-off between throughput and recovery speed.",[7073,7074,7075,7081],"ul",{},[58,7076,7077,7080],{},[61,7078,7079],{},"Frequent Checkpointing:"," Reduces the amount of work re-executed during recovery but increases write overhead to the lease store.",[58,7082,7083,7086],{},[61,7084,7085],{},"Infrequent Checkpointing:"," Improves throughput but increases the volume of work that must be re-run if a worker crashes.",[22,7088,7089],{},"The library provides the mechanism for checkpointing, but the frequency and the logic of what constitutes a \"checkpoint\" (e.g., partial state validation) must be defined by the caller, as they are the only ones who understand the cost of re-execution and business tolerance for duplicates.",[17,7091,7093],{"id":7092},"observability-as-a-verification-tool","Observability as a Verification Tool",[22,7095,7096],{},"Because coordination guarantees are claims, they must be verified under load. Instrumentation is not for debugging the library, but for tuning the configuration against the workload.",[22,7098,7099,7100,7103,7104,7107],{},"Using a ",[26,7101,7102],{},"LeaseObserver"," interface allows developers to inject observability without forcing specific framework dependencies (like OpenTelemetry) onto the library. By tracking metrics like ",[26,7105,7106],{},"ErrFenced"," frequency, renewal failures, and checkpoint duration, developers can identify if their TTLs are too aggressive or if their workers are under-provisioned. This approach keeps the library lightweight while providing the necessary seams for production-grade monitoring.",{"title":104,"searchDepth":105,"depth":105,"links":7109},[7110,7111,7112],{"id":7057,"depth":105,"text":7058},{"id":7067,"depth":105,"text":7068},{"id":7092,"depth":105,"text":7093},[110],{"content_references":7115,"triage":7121},[7116],{"type":7117,"title":7118,"url":7119,"context":7120},"tool","worklease","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Faetomala\u002Fworklease","recommended",{"relevance":117,"novelty":105,"quality":118,"actionability":117,"composite":7122,"reasoning":7123},3.05,"Category: Software Engineering. The article discusses coordination libraries in distributed systems, which relates to software architecture and engineering practices. While it provides some insights into managing state and external effects, it lacks specific actionable frameworks or techniques that the audience could directly implement.","\u002Fsummaries\u002F7869e81c1972b845-defining-the-coordination-boundary-in-distributed-summary","2026-06-19 16:01:38","2026-06-20 12:56:37",{"title":7047,"description":104},{"loc":7124},"7869e81c1972b845","https:\u002F\u002Flevelup.gitconnected.com\u002Fclosing-the-gap-what-a-library-cant-own-1be581286a97?source=rss----5517fd7b58a6---4","summaries\u002F7869e81c1972b845-defining-the-coordination-boundary-in-distributed-summary",[133,7133,7134,136],"distributed-systems","architecture","Coordination libraries should strictly manage lease state and fencing, leaving external side effects, idempotency, and recovery logic to the application layer to avoid coupling and bloat.",[7133,7134,136],"Gxm7Hh9i4oQmkd31k5u16ZR-zSHKsRJ3WoIrptwbhPM",{"id":7139,"title":7140,"ai":7141,"body":7146,"categories":7208,"created_at":111,"date_modified":111,"description":104,"extension":112,"faq":111,"featured":113,"kicker_label":111,"meta":7209,"navigation":121,"path":7215,"published_at":7216,"question":111,"scraped_at":7217,"seo":7218,"sitemap":7219,"source_id":7220,"source_name":128,"source_type":129,"source_url":7221,"stem":7222,"tags":7223,"thumbnail_url":111,"tldr":7226,"tweet":111,"unknown_tags":7227,"__hash__":7228},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F763969f972be1a61-5-essential-database-patterns-for-production-ready-summary.md","5 Essential Database Patterns for Production-Ready Python Backends",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":7142,"output_tokens":7143,"processing_time_ms":7144,"cost_usd":7145},3987,485,3159,0.00172425,{"type":14,"value":7147,"toc":7203},[7148,7152,7171,7175,7182,7186],[17,7149,7151],{"id":7150},"implement-soft-deletes-to-prevent-irreversible-data-loss","Implement Soft Deletes to Prevent Irreversible Data Loss",[22,7153,7154,7155,7158,7159,7162,7163,7166,7167,7170],{},"The most critical failure mode in production is the accidental deletion of live data. Relying on hard ",[26,7156,7157],{},"DELETE"," queries is dangerous because human error—such as a typo in a ",[26,7160,7161],{},"WHERE"," clause—can wipe out records that are impossible to recover without time-consuming backup restoration. Instead, implement a 'soft delete' pattern by adding an ",[26,7164,7165],{},"is_deleted"," boolean or ",[26,7168,7169],{},"deleted_at"," timestamp column to your tables. When a record is 'deleted,' you simply flip the flag. This keeps the data in the database while excluding it from application queries, providing an immediate safety net for accidental deletions.",[17,7172,7174],{"id":7173},"establish-audit-trails-and-change-tracking","Establish Audit Trails and Change Tracking",[22,7176,7177,7178,7181],{},"Data integrity requires knowing exactly who changed what and when. Without an audit trail, debugging 'missing' data becomes a forensic nightmare. Every production-grade system should track record history. This can be achieved by creating a separate ",[26,7179,7180],{},"audit_logs"," table or using triggers to capture the state of a record before and after an update. By logging the user ID, the timestamp, the action performed, and the diff of the changes, you gain the ability to revert specific records to previous states without needing to restore the entire database from a backup.",[17,7183,7185],{"id":7184},"enforce-data-integrity-with-constraints-and-schemas","Enforce Data Integrity with Constraints and Schemas",[22,7187,7188,7189,7192,7193,7192,7195,7198,7199,7202],{},"Trusting the application layer to validate data is insufficient for production systems. Use database-level constraints—such as ",[26,7190,7191],{},"NOT NULL",", ",[26,7194,67],{},[26,7196,7197],{},"CHECK",", and ",[26,7200,7201],{},"FOREIGN KEY","—to act as the final line of defense. These constraints ensure that even if a bug in your Python code bypasses validation logic, the database will reject malformed or inconsistent data. Relying on the database schema as the 'source of truth' prevents data corruption that can propagate through your system and cause downstream failures.",{"title":104,"searchDepth":105,"depth":105,"links":7204},[7205,7206,7207],{"id":7150,"depth":105,"text":7151},{"id":7173,"depth":105,"text":7174},{"id":7184,"depth":105,"text":7185},[110],{"content_references":7210,"triage":7211},[],{"relevance":7212,"novelty":117,"quality":118,"actionability":118,"composite":7213,"reasoning":7214},5,4.15,"Category: Software Engineering. The article provides practical database design patterns that are essential for building reliable Python backends, addressing the audience's need for actionable content in software engineering. It includes specific techniques like soft deletes and audit trails that can be directly implemented in production systems.","\u002Fsummaries\u002F763969f972be1a61-5-essential-database-patterns-for-production-ready-summary","2026-06-17 16:22:05","2026-06-18 12:56:47",{"title":7140,"description":104},{"loc":7215},"763969f972be1a61","https:\u002F\u002Flevelup.gitconnected.com\u002F5-database-design-patterns-every-python-backend-needs-in-production-68749ba4991c?source=rss----5517fd7b58a6---4","summaries\u002F763969f972be1a61-5-essential-database-patterns-for-production-ready-summary",[7224,133,135,7225],"python","software-engineering","Prevent catastrophic data loss and ensure system reliability by implementing soft deletes, audit trails, and robust database safety patterns before your first production incident.",[135,7225],"dVifcumFjmBDMwx-JY9nMb1Qa9Kv8QxXzf6KbXFhzng",{"id":7230,"title":7231,"ai":7232,"body":7237,"categories":7301,"created_at":111,"date_modified":111,"description":104,"extension":112,"faq":111,"featured":113,"kicker_label":111,"meta":7302,"navigation":121,"path":7313,"published_at":7314,"question":111,"scraped_at":7315,"seo":7316,"sitemap":7317,"source_id":7318,"source_name":7319,"source_type":129,"source_url":7320,"stem":7321,"tags":7322,"thumbnail_url":111,"tldr":7325,"tweet":111,"unknown_tags":7326,"__hash__":7327},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002Fda68ff9e798a9d45-choosing-backend-infrastructure-for-ai-driven-deve-summary.md","Choosing Backend Infrastructure for AI-Driven Development",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":7233,"output_tokens":7234,"processing_time_ms":7235,"cost_usd":7236},9358,658,3487,0.0033265,{"type":14,"value":7238,"toc":7297},[7239,7243,7246,7266,7270,7273],[17,7240,7242],{"id":7241},"understanding-architectural-roles","Understanding Architectural Roles",[22,7244,7245],{},"These three services are not direct competitors but rather tools that solve different layers of the application stack.",[7073,7247,7248,7254,7260],{},[58,7249,7250,7253],{},[61,7251,7252],{},"Upstash"," functions as a serverless caching and utility layer. It is designed for stateless environments like Edge Functions where traditional TCP-based Redis connections fail. It excels at rate limiting, session management, and caching.",[58,7255,7256,7259],{},[61,7257,7258],{},"Supabase"," is a comprehensive Backend-as-a-Service (BaaS). It bundles Postgres with authentication, file storage, real-time subscriptions, and edge functions. It is the preferred choice for full-stack applications where AI agents need a unified SDK and dashboard to scaffold features quickly.",[58,7261,7262,7265],{},[61,7263,7264],{},"Neon"," is a serverless Postgres database that separates compute from storage. It is optimized for cost-efficiency (scaling to zero) and developer experience through its copy-on-write branching model, which allows for instant, full-data clones of databases for CI\u002FCD and preview environments.",[17,7267,7269],{"id":7268},"decision-framework-for-ai-assisted-workflows","Decision Framework for AI-Assisted Workflows",[22,7271,7272],{},"When using AI coding tools (like Cursor or Bolt.new), the choice of infrastructure impacts how effectively the AI can generate and maintain your backend code:",[7073,7274,7275,7281,7291],{},[58,7276,7277,7280],{},[61,7278,7279],{},"Use Upstash if:"," You are building on serverless runtimes (Vercel, Cloudflare) and need to handle rate limiting or caching without managing persistent connections. It is an additive layer, not a primary database.",[58,7282,7283,7286,7287,7290],{},[61,7284,7285],{},"Use Supabase if:"," You want a \"batteries-included\" experience. Because it provides a single connection string and integrated services (auth, storage, vector search via ",[26,7288,7289],{},"pgvector","), AI agents are more likely to generate correct, functional code on the first attempt.",[58,7292,7293,7296],{},[61,7294,7295],{},"Use Neon if:"," You are comfortable composing your own stack and prioritize cost-efficiency for idle workloads. Its branching capabilities are superior for complex development workflows where you need isolated database states for every pull request.",{"title":104,"searchDepth":105,"depth":105,"links":7298},[7299,7300],{"id":7241,"depth":105,"text":7242},{"id":7268,"depth":105,"text":7269},[110],{"content_references":7303,"triage":7310},[7304,7306,7308],{"type":7117,"title":7252,"url":7305,"context":7120},"https:\u002F\u002Fupstash.com\u002F",{"type":7117,"title":7258,"url":7307,"context":7120},"https:\u002F\u002Fsupabase.com\u002F",{"type":7117,"title":7264,"url":7309,"context":7120},"https:\u002F\u002Fneon.com\u002F",{"relevance":7212,"novelty":118,"quality":118,"actionability":118,"composite":7311,"reasoning":7312},4.35,"Category: Software Engineering. The article provides a detailed comparison of backend infrastructure options specifically for AI-driven development, addressing the audience's need for practical guidance in choosing tools that enhance AI integration. It outlines specific use cases for each service, making it actionable for developers looking to implement AI features.","\u002Fsummaries\u002Fda68ff9e798a9d45-choosing-backend-infrastructure-for-ai-driven-deve-summary","2026-05-19 22:10:39","2026-05-19 23:00:22",{"title":7231,"description":104},{"loc":7313},"da68ff9e798a9d45","MarkTechPost","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.marktechpost.com\u002F2026\u002F05\u002F19\u002Fupstash-for-redis-vs-supabase-vs-neon-which-one-fits-vibe-coding-workflows-in-2026\u002F","summaries\u002Fda68ff9e798a9d45-choosing-backend-infrastructure-for-ai-driven-deve-summary",[7323,7324,133,135],"ai-tools","saas","Upstash, Supabase, and Neon serve distinct architectural roles; choosing between them depends on whether you need a caching layer, a full-stack backend, or a cost-efficient, branchable Postgres database.",[135],"IkedsV5vmeBPBLE9fUGedOMQTGIrhzaaQ3EpNmenPjE",{"id":7329,"title":7330,"ai":7331,"body":7336,"categories":7431,"created_at":111,"date_modified":111,"description":104,"extension":112,"faq":111,"featured":113,"kicker_label":111,"meta":7432,"navigation":121,"path":7443,"published_at":7444,"question":111,"scraped_at":7445,"seo":7446,"sitemap":7447,"source_id":7448,"source_name":128,"source_type":129,"source_url":7449,"stem":7450,"tags":7451,"thumbnail_url":111,"tldr":7455,"tweet":111,"unknown_tags":7456,"__hash__":7457},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F5becb4c99170c69e-stop-adding-indexes-to-fix-slow-queries-you-re-qui-summary.md","Stop Adding Indexes to Fix Slow Queries — You’re Quietly Killing Your Writes",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":7332,"output_tokens":7333,"processing_time_ms":7334,"cost_usd":7335},6230,674,3404,0.0025685,{"type":14,"value":7337,"toc":7426},[7338,7342,7345,7349,7352,7395,7399,7402],[17,7339,7341],{"id":7340},"the-hidden-cost-of-indexes","The Hidden Cost of Indexes",[22,7343,7344],{},"Indexes are often treated as \"cheap insurance\" for slow reads, but they are actually a permanent tax on write operations. Every index is a separate, sorted data structure that must be updated whenever a row is inserted, updated, or deleted. Adding an index is a deliberate trade-off: you gain read speed for a specific query shape at the cost of slower writes for the lifetime of that index.",[17,7346,7348],{"id":7347},"identifying-and-eliminating-dead-weight","Identifying and Eliminating Dead Weight",[22,7350,7351],{},"Many performance issues stem from \"zombie\" indexes—those that were added to solve a specific problem but are no longer used because the application code or query patterns have evolved.",[7073,7353,7354,7372,7389],{},[58,7355,7356,7359,7360,7363,7364,7367,7368,7371],{},[61,7357,7358],{},"Audit Usage:"," Use database-native tools to identify unused indexes. In MongoDB, use ",[26,7361,7362],{},"$indexStats"," to check access counts. In Postgres, query ",[26,7365,7366],{},"pg_stat_user_indexes"," to find indexes with ",[26,7369,7370],{},"idx_scan = 0",".",[58,7373,7374,7377,7378,7381,7382,7385,7386,7388],{},[61,7375,7376],{},"Remove Redundancy:"," Compound indexes (e.g., ",[26,7379,7380],{},"{a, b}",") cover queries that filter on the prefix (e.g., ",[26,7383,7384],{},"{a}","). If you have a separate index on ",[26,7387,7384],{},", it is redundant and should be dropped, as it is being updated on every write without providing unique value.",[58,7390,7391,7394],{},[61,7392,7393],{},"Verify Before Dropping:"," Before deleting, confirm the index isn't supporting a unique constraint or a rare, high-value quarterly report. If there is no clear purpose, it is a candidate for removal.",[17,7396,7398],{"id":7397},"optimizing-write-impact","Optimizing Write Impact",[22,7400,7401],{},"Not all indexes impact writes equally. You can minimize the \"write tax\" by being strategic about index design:",[7073,7403,7404,7414,7420],{},[58,7405,7406,7409,7410,7413],{},[61,7407,7408],{},"Partial Indexes:"," Instead of indexing an entire table, use partial indexes (e.g., ",[26,7411,7412],{},"WHERE status = 'active'","). This ensures the database only maintains the index for relevant rows, drastically reducing overhead.",[58,7415,7416,7419],{},[61,7417,7418],{},"Analyze Write Paths:"," Understand which columns are updated most frequently. An index on a column that is rarely updated is nearly free, whereas an index on a column updated in every request is expensive.",[58,7421,7422,7425],{},[61,7423,7424],{},"Leverage HOT Updates:"," In Postgres, \"Heap-Only Tuple\" (HOT) updates allow the database to skip index maintenance entirely if no indexed columns are modified and there is sufficient page space. Designing your schema to keep frequently updated columns out of indexes can significantly improve throughput.",{"title":104,"searchDepth":105,"depth":105,"links":7427},[7428,7429,7430],{"id":7340,"depth":105,"text":7341},{"id":7347,"depth":105,"text":7348},{"id":7397,"depth":105,"text":7398},[110],{"content_references":7433,"triage":7440},[7434],{"type":7435,"title":7436,"author":7437,"url":7438,"context":7439},"other","Stop using JWT for authentication the way you learned it","Mayank Jain","https:\u002F\u002Flevelup.gitconnected.com\u002Fstop-using-jwt-for-authentication-the-way-you-learned-it-e96af029f256","mentioned",{"relevance":118,"novelty":117,"quality":118,"actionability":118,"composite":7441,"reasoning":7442},3.8,"Category: Data Science & Visualization. The article provides actionable insights on optimizing database performance by auditing and managing indexes, which directly addresses the pain points of developers concerned with performance in AI-powered products. It includes specific techniques like using database-native tools for index auditing and implementing partial indexes, making it practical for the audience.","\u002Fsummaries\u002F5becb4c99170c69e-stop-adding-indexes-to-fix-slow-queries-you-re-qui-summary","2026-06-19 16:02:13","2026-06-20 12:56:35",{"title":7330,"description":104},{"loc":7443},"5becb4c99170c69e","https:\u002F\u002Flevelup.gitconnected.com\u002Fstop-adding-indexes-to-fix-slow-queries-youre-quietly-killing-your-writes-aa8d2cfcfacb?source=rss----5517fd7b58a6---4","summaries\u002F5becb4c99170c69e-stop-adding-indexes-to-fix-slow-queries-you-re-qui-summary",[133,135,7452,7453,7454],"performance","postgresql","mongodb","Every index you add is a permanent tax on write performance. To maintain system health, you must audit for unused and redundant indexes, as these provide zero read benefit while slowing down every insert, update, and delete.",[135,7452,7453,7454],"BCuPDq1kcrQ9h9Lh5GUc40L-SFaFD7lruZY1m3FN3qM"]